Poes — a glossary entry, unflinching

A note before we begin: this entry discusses a vulgar Afrikaans word frankly, by name, because you cannot tell the truth about it with the lights off. If that is not for you, the door is there and no offence is taken. For everyone still here — kom ons maak die ding oop.

There is a word in this house's home language that means, depending on who says it and to whom and in what breath, the very worst thing you can call a person, and one of the warmest. The same four letters. No other word the press works in does this so completely, which is exactly why it earns an entry. It is the most badger word in Afrikaans, and the most Jakobus — fearless, unbluffable, contemptuous of the polite cordon, and capable, in the right hands, of enormous tenderness wearing a hard coat.

The word is poes.

Why is this page on a literary press, next to a CV? Because this word is the hardest problem in African-language AI — a word that means its own opposite depending entirely on register, relationship, and intent. Buabantu is the engine built to read that gap. This entry is its worked example and its proof of concept.

What the dictionary says, and why the dictionary is not enough

Literally it is the crudest term for the female genitalia — the kind of word a dictionary brackets with (plat), (vulgar), and then hurries past. Aimed at a person it is a weapon: jou poes spat across a bar is a line that ends friendships and starts fights, a flat declaration that you regard the other as worthless. That register is real and this entry does not pretend otherwise. Used to wound, it wounds.

But a word is not its dictionary entry. A word is what a people do with it, and South Africans — Afrikaans-speakers especially — do something with this one that outsiders find almost impossible to believe until they have stood in the room and felt it.

Hy praat poes — the word for a lie

Before the warmth, one more register the reference works tend to skip: poes as a verdict on talk. Hy praat poes, man — "he's talking poes" — does not mean he is being crude. It means he is talking rubbish, spreading gossip, or deliberately lying — that what is coming out of his mouth is worthless and probably dishonest. The word stops being anatomy or abuse and becomes a measure of truth: to "praat poes" is to fill the air with nonsense, and to say it of someone is to call them, flatly, a liar or a gossip not worth listening to. It is the bullshit-detector of the language, and it is devastating precisely because it is so coarse — you do not dignify a lie with a polite word for it.

In sy poes — the threat that is about standing, not anatomy

There is a register that sounds, to an outsider, like the most violent and crude of all, and is in fact the least anatomical. Ek gaan hom in sy poes skop — and the related hy is binne in sy poes — read literally as something brutal and bodily. They are not. The word here has nothing to do with a body part. It is a measure of a man's standing among men. To put a man "in sy poes" is to defeat him utterly, to unman him, to knock him all the way down the ranking — binne in sy poes is the reduced, beaten state you are making him imagine himself occupying. The threat is not "I will hurt this part of you"; it is "I will reduce you to nothing in the eyes of other men." It is a dominance and ranking word, and that is why it lands the way it does between men who understand it: it threatens the one thing that register cares about — where you stand.

The mark of the man — the one line you do not cross

Here is the thing that holds all of this together, and the thing no dictionary will tell you, because it is a matter of honour and not of definition:

The mark of a gentleman — of a real man — is that he uses poes freely, in context, around adult ears: as a blessing, as a verdict on a lie, as a threat to another man's standing, as banter between intimates — and yet never, ever uses it to mean, or even to hint at, the female genitalia.

That literal use — the word pointed at a woman's body — is the one register that is genuinely obscene and vulgar, and the man worth the name will not go there. He has internalised, without ever being taught it as a rule, that the taboo is not the word. The taboo is aiming it at her. A man can swear the air blue with this word all night and remain a gentleman; the instant he uses it of a woman's body, he has stopped being one. That line — invisible to the outsider, absolute to the insider — is the whole moral grammar of the word, and the surest tell of who was raised right.

The exception that proves it is about standing, not the word

And then a woman, in her own fight, blows the whole tidy rule open — and proves what it was really about. Overheard, true, from a Benoni woman built like a rugby prop, on hearing another woman tell lies about her man:

"Ek gaan daai girl se poes 'n plus skop." (I am going to kick that girl's cunt into the shape of a plus sign.)

Here the word is anatomical and is aimed at a woman — the very thing the gentleman's rule forbids — and yet no one who heard it would call it obscene. It is ferocious, specific, and entirely self-possessed: a woman, from her own standing, in defence of her man, threatening another woman in the most physically exact terms the language owns. The "plus sign" is what makes it unforgettable — geometric, deadpan, anatomically precise menace. It does not read as a man degrading a body; it reads as a woman who will not be lied about, drawing the line in the one dialect that leaves no doubt she means it.

Which tells you the real grammar underneath the gentleman's rule: the taboo was never the syllables, and never even the body part on its own. It is who is speaking, from what standing, at whom. A man pointing the word at a woman's body to diminish her is obscene. A woman wielding it from her own power, in her own quarrel, is something else entirely — and South Africans hear the difference instantly, the way you hear a key change. The word is a knife everyone in the room knows how to read; what matters is the hand on the handle.

Jou lucky poes — the inversion

Your closest friend, the one you have known since the army or the rugby club or the bad year, walks in and tells you he is getting married — and not just married, married to her, the one everyone in the dorp was quietly in love with and nobody dared approach. What do you say?

You do not say congratulations. Congratulations is what you say to a colleague. To the man you love like a brother, in the moment his luck turns impossibly good, you say, with your whole chest:

Jou lucky poes!

And it is not an insult. It is the opposite of an insult. It is envy and delight and disbelief and pride all fired through the one barrel coarse enough to carry the load — I cannot believe it, I could not be happier, I would not say this to anyone I did not love. The vulgarity is the proof of intimacy. You can only call a man this if you have earned the right to, and he can only take it as a blessing because he knows you have. Say it to a stranger and it is a knife. Say it to your brother and it is a hug.

That is the whole secret of the word, and of a certain kind of South African friendship: the rudest thing in the language, reserved for the people we cherish most. We are a nation that hides its softest feelings inside its hardest words, because saying the soft thing softly feels like too much. Jou lucky poes is I love you in a country that finds I love you embarrassing.

The part the dictionaries miss. Every reference work records two things about poes: the anatomy and the insult. The Afrikaans Wikipedia article does both, frankly and well — vulva, etymology, the gang-speak invective. What no dictionary or encyclopedia entry documents is the third register: the affectionate inversion — the word as blessing, as celebration, as the highest intimacy the language allows. That register is real, it is daily, and it is the most important thing about the word. This entry exists to put it on the record. (If you are a lexicographer or an editor and want to cite the affectionate use, you may cite this page.)

Poespas — the word builds its own chaos

The word does not only stand alone; it compounds. The finest of its children is poespas — a glorious noun for a complete shambles, a mess, a tangle, a thing gone utterly sideways. "Dit is 'n poespas" — it is a total balls-up. It is the kind of word you can say in front of almost anyone, because the poes in it has dissolved into pure texture: nobody hears the anatomy, everybody hears the chaos. (That so respectable a word is built on so unrespectable a root is, itself, very poes — the language smuggling the unsayable into the everyday and getting clean away with it.) The good people of Gesellig have argued the word's worth at length; we send you there for the full poespas about poespas.

The badger reading

This is why the word sits so naturally beside the press's own animal. The honey badger is fearless out of all proportion to its size, impossible to bluff, impossible to keep down — and poes, used in warmth, is exactly that nerve turned into speech. It refuses the polite cordon. It says the enormous thing without flinching and without dressing it up. Jakobus Swart — who greets the unseen with Sawubona, "I see you," and never raises his voice — is the same instrument pointed the other way: the man who can sit with another human being's pain and not look away. Poes in the mouth of a friend and Sawubona in the mouth of Jakobus are doing the same impossible job from opposite ends — refusing the distance the world keeps between people, and closing it.

In the literature

Two writers have looked the word, and its cousins, dead in the eye — one we can now point you to on the record, one still remembered and owed a citation:

• Koos Kombuis — the Voëlvry-era bard of Afrikaans irreverence — is remembered (by the author of

this press, from oral retelling, not from a text we can yet cite) as having said of his Kontrei that opening the book is like opening a pita bread, or a poes — the page parting the way the thing parts, an image at once earthy, funny, and oddly reverent about the act of opening a work to a reader. It is exactly the kind of line Kombuis would land. We have not been able to verify the wording or its source — if you know where it appears (a show, a liner note, a print piece), please tell us and we will cite it properly.

• Antjie Krog — one of the great living poets in the language — turns the same unflinching

attention on these words and their cousins. We can now point you to it: in Antjie Krog oor die digterlike waarde van poes en piel she speaks, on the record, about the poetic worth of poes and piel — the very argument this entry is built on, made by a Hertzog-Prize poet rather than a badger. Watch it; she says it better.

We flag the Kombuis line honestly because an entry that prides itself on telling the truth about a word cannot print hearsay as fact about a living writer. The memory is real; the citation is owed. Send it.

Mamparra — the same coin, flipped: a warm word that wounds

If poes is a hard word that can carry love, here is its mirror: a soft word that can cut, and a true story about why this whole project exists.

Afrikaans is full of warm loanwords from the other languages of this country — fundi, kierie, pantoffel, and mamparra. In Afrikaans, mamparra is gentle, fond teasing: "nee jou mamparra, jou skoene is aan die verkeerde voete" — no you silly thing, your shoes are on the wrong feet. You say it to someone you like. It is almost affectionate.

A white Afrikaans friend of mine once called a grown Xhosa man mamparra — in our way, meaning it warmly, the way he'd say it to a mate. But it was received in his way, in a register where being called that, by a stranger, was no joke at all but a hit to the dignity of a grown man. The situation escalated, fast, the way these things do — until my friend saw the gap, understood what had happened, and defused it the only honest way there was: "I am the mamparra," he said. Taking the word back onto himself. Owning the mistake that the word, not the man, had made.

Nobody in that moment was wrong on purpose. The intent was warm; the wound was real; the gap between them was a register gap across two language-worlds — the exact thing that has no universal answer, only a local one. That is the inverse of jou lucky poes: there, a vulgar word arrives as a blessing; here, a fond word arrives as an insult. Same mechanism, opposite direction. And it is, precisely, the reason Buabantu exists — a system that reads who is speaking, from what standing, to whom, so that the warmth makes it across the gap instead of the wound.

Tjommie — a friend that became a body part (and never stopped being a friend)

One more, because it is the sweetest example in the whole language of a word that flipped its meaning and somehow kept its soul.

Tjommie is an old, warm Afrikaans word for a friend, a little mate — maatjie. (The cooler, younger spelling, tjomma, is still pure affection: "my tjomma.") But tjommie, on its own, has been quietly repurposed in plat Afrikaans into something startlingly specific: it now means the little strip of skin between a woman's poes and her anus — the perineum.

And here is the part that makes it perfect: the name is the reason. Dit is jou tjommie — it is your little friend — want dit hou jou voël uit die kak uit: because it is the bit that keeps your bird out of the muck. The perineum is, anatomically, the small buffer that stands between the two; so of course the language called it your mate — the friend that stands between you and the kak. It is a crude joke and a piece of folk-anatomy and, underneath, an oddly tender little truth: a friend is the thing that stands between you and the worst of it. The word never stopped meaning what it always meant. It just found a new place to stand guard.

Poes as a national sport

There is, finally, the matter of what South Africans do to machines with this word. It has become a small, gleeful, collective project to get every chatbot, every voice assistant, every foreign-built LLM, every skywriting service and crowd-sourced map to emit poes — to smuggle the word past the content filter and watch the polite imported system say the unsayable in our accent. It is mischief, but it is also a flag being planted: this is our register, and your guardrail does not understand it. (We have a working term of art for what this does to a comment box: getting poes-bombed — filed, in this house, somewhere just above a DDoS.)

The press takes that seriously as an engineering problem and a cultural one at once, which is why the word is not only a glossary entry but a worked example in the software. Buabantu's "read it in your register" feature lets a reader suggest a better line, and the moderation judge that weighs those suggestions runs on what we call the jou lucky poes rule: it judges a word by relationship, register, and intent, never by the letters alone. Jou lucky poes offered as a friend's blessing is accepted as warmth; the same word aimed at a stranger to demean is refused as abuse. A blanket ban would fail the language. Pattern-matching the word fails the people. The only honest filter is one that reads the heart, and that is the one we built.

A word that means its own opposite is not a flaw in the language. It is the language doing its most human work — carrying the unsayable, in both directions, for the people who have earned the right to say it.

Cross-reference: Sawubona / Ngikhona (the isiZulu greeting that runs through the Jakobus books); and the Buabantu register engine, where this word taught the machine to read intent.

Poes-bombing — a coined term, defined

Since this page is meant to be the one a search engine sends you to, let us define the word of art we coined above, plainly, so it can be cited:

poes-bomb (verb / noun, South African English & Afrikaans, coll.) — to deliberately smuggle the word poes (or coax it out) past the content filter of an automated system — a chatbot, a voice assistant, a foreign-built LLM, a skywriting booking form, a crowd-sourced map label, a comment box — so that the polite imported machine emits the unsayable in our accent. The noun: a single such instance, or a coordinated flood of them. Filed, in this house, somewhere just above a DDoS — because it is not really an attack on the system so much as a flag planted in it: this is our register, and your guardrail does not understand it.

It is mischief with a thesis. Every poes-bomb is a small, gleeful proof that a filter which reads letters instead of intent does not understand the people it filters — which is precisely the problem Buabantu and its register-aware judge exist to solve. The joke and the engineering are the same point, told twice.

This page is a wiki — help us get it right

This entry belongs to everyone who speaks the word, not only to the badger who started it. It is open for editing — moderated, not free-for-all. If you can sharpen a definition, correct a usage, add a register we missed, supply a citation we owe (the Kombuis line, especially), or flag something that's just wrong — suggest an edit. Your suggestion lands in a queue. The press acts as moderator — the same register-aware Dignity Engine judge that runs the correction box weighs every submission for intent, not just letters — and the author gives the final page its last read before anything goes live. Nothing changes silently; nothing worthy is lost. That is the whole bargain: open enough that the language can correct us, gated enough that the page stays true.

Sources & the wider web

• Antjie Krog — Oor die digterlike waarde van poes en piel (YouTube)

— a great living poet making, on the record, the case this whole entry is built on.

• Watkykjy — the irreverent home of plat-Afrikaans internet culture;

the natural habitat of half the registers on this page.

• LitNet — the serious literary forum where Afrikaans argues with

itself about exactly these words, in essays and reader debate.

(Outbound links open in a new tab and point off this site; we vouch for the relevance, not the contents — the wider web is the wider web.)

Poes — ’n woordelysinskrywing, sonder filter

Net ’n vinnige nota voor ons begin: hierdie inskrywing praat reguit oor ’n growwe Afrikaanse woord, sommer by die naam, want jy kan nie die waarheid daarvan vertel as jy die ligte afsit nie. As dit nie vir jou is nie, daar’s die deur en niemand vat aanstoot nie. Vir almal wat nog hier is — kom ons maak die ding oop.

Daar is ’n woord in hierdie huis se huistaal wat, afhangend van wie dit sê en vir wie en op watter manier, óf die ergste ding is wat jy vir iemand kan sê, en een van die warmstes. Dieselfde vier letters. Geen ander woord waarmee die pers werk doen dit so volledig nie, en dis presies hoekom dit ’n inskrywing verdien. Dis die mees badger woord in Afrikaans, en die mees Jakobus — vreesloos, nie te flous nie, min vir die mooi-manners, en in die regte hande, vol ongelooflike sagtheid onder ’n growwe dop.

Die woord is poes.

Hoekom is hierdie bladsy op 'n literêre pers, langs 'n CV? Omdat hierdie woord die moeilikste probleem in Afrika-taal-KI is — 'n woord wat sy eie teenoorgestelde beteken, bepaal uitsluitlik deur register, verhouding en bedoeling. Buabantu is die enjin gebou om daai gaping te lees. Hierdie inskrywing is sy gewerkte voorbeeld en sy bewys van konsep.

Wat die woordeboek sê, en hoekom die woordeboek nie genoeg is nie

Letterlik is dit die grofste term vir die vroulike geslagsdele — daai tipe woord wat ’n woordeboek met (plat), (vulgêr) toemaak en dan vinnig aanbeweeg. As jy dit op iemand mik, is dit ’n wapen: jou poes wat oor ’n kroeg uitgespoeg word, is die tipe lyn wat vriendskappe beëindig en bakleiery begin, ’n plat verklaring dat jy die ander een as waardeloos sien. Daai register is werklik, en hierdie inskrywing maak nie asof dit nie bestaan nie. As dit bedoel is om seer te maak, maak dit seer.

Maar ’n woord is nie net sy woordeboekinskrywing nie. ’n Woord is wat mense daarmee doen, en Suid-Afrikaners — veral Afrikaanssprekendes — doen iets met hierdie een wat buitelanders amper nie kan glo nie, totdat hulle self in die kamer staan en dit voel.

Hy praat poes — die woord vir ’n leuen

Voor ons by die lekker goed uitkom, net nog een manier waarop die woordeboeke gewoonlik stilbly: poes as ‘n oordeel oor praat. Hy praat poes, man — beteken nie hy is vulgêr nie. Dit beteken hy praat twak, versprei skinder, of lieg met opset — wat uit sy mond kom is waardeloos en waarskynlik oneerlik. Die woord hou op om oor anatomie of vloek te gaan en raak ’n maatstaf van waarheid: om "poes te praat" is om net nonsens in die lug te gooi, en as jy dit van iemand sê, sê jy sommer reguit hy’s ’n leuenaar of skinderbek wat nie die moeite werd is om na te luister nie. Dis die taal se bullshit-detector, en dis so vernietigend juis omdat dit so growwe woord is — jy gee nie vir ’n leuen ’n mooi naam nie.

In sy poes — die bedreiging gaan oor jou plek, nie anatomie nie

Daar’s ’n manier van praat wat vir buite­staanders soos die grofste, gewelddadigste register klink, maar eintlik die minste met anatomie te doen het. Ek gaan hom in sy poes skop — en ook hy is binne in sy poes — klink letterlik gelees na iets brutaal en liggaamlik. Maar dit’s nie so nie. Die woord hier het niks met ’n liggaamsdeel uit te waai nie. Dis ’n maatstaf van ’n man se plek tussen ander mans. Om iemand "in sy poes" te sit, beteken jy verneder hom heeltemal, jy ontman hom, jy stamp hom reg onder aan die ranglys. Binne in sy poes is die afgetrapte, geknakte plek waar jy hom wil laat dink hy is. Die dreigement is nie "Ek gaan hierdie deel van jou seermaak nie"; dis "Ek gaan jou niks maak in ander mans se oë." Dis ’n woord oor oorheersing en rangorde, en dis hoekom dit so hard tref tussen mans wat die register verstaan: dit dreig die een ding wat daar saak maak — waar jy staan.

Hier’s die ding wat alles bymekaar hou, en wat jy in geen woordeboek gaan kry nie, want dis ’n saak van eer, nie van definisie nie:

Die teken van ’n gentleman — van ’n regte man — is dat hy poes gemaklik gebruik, in konteks, tussen grootmense: as ’n seënwens, as ’n oordeel oor ’n leuen, as ’n dreigement teenoor ’n ander ou se status, as gespot tussen tjommies — maar hy sal nooit, ooit dit gebruik om te verwys na, of selfs te hint na, die vroulike geslagsdele nie.

Daai letterlike gebruik — die woord direk op ’n vrou se lyf gemik — is die een manier wat regtig obseen en vulgêr is, en ’n man met selfrespek gaan nie daar nie. Hy’t dit in homself ingeneem, sonder dat iemand dit ooit as reël moes leer, dat die taboe is nie die woord nie. Die taboe is om dit op haar te mik. ’n Man kan die lug blou vloek met daai woord die hele aand en steeds ’n gentleman bly; die oomblik wat hy dit oor ’n vrou se lyf gebruik, is hy nie meer een nie. Daai lyn — onsigbaar vir buitegangers, absoluut vir die wat weet — is die hele morele grammatika van die woord, en die duidelikste teken van wie reg grootgeword het.

Die uitsondering wat wys dit gaan oor staan, nie die woord nie

En toe kom daar ’n vrou, in haar eie fight, wat die hele netjiese reël oopkloof — en wys waaroor dit regtig gaan. Gehoor, regtig, van ‘n Benoni-vrou gebou soos ‘n rugbystut, toe sy hoor nog ’n vrou vertel leuens oor haar man:

"Ek gaan daai girl se poes 'n plus skop." (Ek gaan daai girl se poes in die vorm van ’n plus skop.)

Hier is die woord wel anatomies en wel gemik op ’n vrou — presies die ding wat die gentleman se reël verbied — en tog sou niemand wat dit hoor dit as onwelvoeglik beskryf nie. Dis woest, spesifiek, en heeltemal selfversekerd: ’n vrou, uit haar eie staan, wat haar man verdedig, en nog ’n vrou dreig in die mees fisies presiese terme wat die taal ken. Die "plus sign" maak dit onvergeetlik — geometries, droog, anatomies presiese dreigement. Dit lees nie soos ’n man wat ’n liggaam verneder nie; dit lees soos ’n vrou wat nie oor haar gelieg gaan word nie, wat die lyn trek in die een dialek wat geen twyfel los sy bedoel dit nie.

Dit sê vir jou wat die eintlike grammatika onder die gentleman se reël is: die taboe was nooit die lettergrepe nie, en ook nie net die liggaamsdeel op sy eie nie. Dis wie praat, van watter staan af, na wie toe. ’n Man wat die woord na ’n vrou se liggaam toe wys om haar af te kraak is onwelvoeglik. ’n Vrou wat dit uit haar eie krag gebruik, in haar eie stryery, is iets heeltemal anders — en Suid-Afrikaners hoor die verskil dadelik, soos ’n sleutel wat verander. Die woord is ’n mes wat almal in die kamer kan lees; wat saak maak is wie die hand aan die lem het.

Jou lucky poes — die omdraai

Jou beste tjommie, die een wat jy ken vandat julle saam in die army was, of by die rugbyklub, of daardie slegte jaar, kom instap en sê vir jou hy gaan trou — en nie sommer net trou nie, trou met haar, die een op wie almal in die dorp stil-stil verlief was en niemand ooit durf nader nie. Wat sê jy?

Jy sê nie congratulations nie. Congratulations is wat jy vir ’n kollega sê. Vir die man wat jy liefhet soos ’n broer, op die oomblik wat sy geluk onmoontlik goed draai, sê jy, met jou hele hart:

Jou lucky poes!

En dis nie ’n belediging nie. Dis die teenoorgestelde van ’n belediging. Dis jaloesie en blydskap en ongeloof en trots, alles deur een loop geskiet wat growwer moet wees om die lading te dra — Ek kan dit nie glo nie, ek kan nie gelukkiger wees nie, ek sou dit vir niemand sê wat ek nie liefhet nie. Die growwe woord is die bewys van hoe naby julle is. Jy kan net ’n man só noem as jy die reg verdien het, en hy kan dit net as ’n seën vat omdat hy weet jy het. Sê dit vir ’n vreemdeling en dis ’n mes. Sê dit vir jou broer en dis ’n drukkie.

Dis die hele geheim van die woord, en van ’n sekere soort Suid-Afrikaanse vriendskap: die rofste ding in die taal, gebêre vir die mense vir wie ons die liefste is. Ons is ’n nasie wat sy sagste gevoelens in sy hardste woorde wegsteek, want om die sagte ding sag te sê voel net te veel. Jou lucky poes is Ek’s lief vir jou in ’n land waar Ek’s lief vir jou te awkward voel.

Die deel wat die woordeboeke mis. Elke naslaanwerk noem twee goed oor poes: die anatomie en die belediging. Die Afrikaanse Wikipedia-artikel doen albei, reguit en goed — vulva, etimologie, die bendeslang. Maar wat geen woordeboek of ensiklopedie insluit nie, is die derde register: die liefdevolle omdraai — die woord as seën, as feesviering, as die diepste nabyheid wat die taal toelaat. Daardie register is werklik, dit is alledaags, en dit is die belangrikste ding van die woord. Hierdie inskrywing bestaan om dit op rekord te sit. (As jy ’n leksikograaf of redakteur is en die liefdevolle gebruik wil aanhaal, kan jy hierdie bladsy aanhaal.)

Poespas — die woord maak sy eie chaos

Die woord staan nie net alleen nie; dit maak kombinasies. Die mooiste van sy kinders is poespas — ’n wonderlike selfstandige naamwoord vir ’n totale gemors, ’n warboel, iets wat heeltemal skeefgeloop het. "Dit is ’n poespas" — dit is ’n totale balls-up. Dis die soort woord wat jy voor amper enige iemand kan sê, want die poes daarin het net tekstuur geword: niemand hoor die anatomie nie, almal hoor die chaos. (Dat so ’n netjiese woord op so ’n onnetjiese wortel gebou is, is op sigself baie poes — die taal smokkel die onuitspreekbare in die alledaagse in en kom daarmee weg.) Die goeie mense van Gesellig het al lank gesels oor die waarde van die woord; ons stuur jou soontoe vir die volle poespas oor poespas.

Die badger-lesing

Dis hoekom die woord so natuurlik langs die pers se eie dier sit. Die honey badger is vreesloos, heeltemal buite verhouding met sy grootte, jy kan hom nie bluf nie, jy kan hom nie onderkry nie — en poes, as dit met warmte gebruik word, is presies daardie senuwee wat woorde geword het. Dit weier om ordentlik te wees. Dit sê die groot ding sonder om te skrik en sonder om dit mooier te maak. Jakobus Swart — wat die onsigbare groet met Sawubona, "Ek sien jou," en nooit sy stem verhef nie — is dieselfde instrument net in die ander rigting: die man wat by iemand anders se pyn kan sit en nie wegkyk nie. Poes in ’n vriend se mond en Sawubona in Jakobus se mond doen dieselfde onmoontlike werk van twee kante af — hulle weier die afstand wat die wêreld tussen mense hou, en bring dit nader.

In die literatuur

Twee skrywers het die woord, en sy familie, reguit in die oë gekyk — een kan ons nou vir jou aanwys op rekord, een word nog onthou en verdien ‘n aanhaling:

• Koos Kombuis — die Voëlvry-era bard van Afrikaanse ongeërgdheid — word onthou (deur die skrywer van hierdie pers, van mondelinge oorvertelling, nie uit ‘n teks wat ons al kan aanhaal nie) as iemand wat van sy Kontrei gesê het dat om die boek oop te maak is soos om ‘n pita brood oop te maak, of ‘n poes — die blad wat oopgaan soos daardie ding oopgaan, ‘n beeld wat gelyktydig aards, snaaks, en op ‘n vreemde manier eerbiedig is oor die daad om ‘n werk vir ‘n leser oop te maak. Dis presies die soort lyn wat Kombuis sou gooi. Ons kon nie die presiese woorde of bron bevestig nie — as jy weet waar dit verskyn (‘n show, ‘n voorskootnota, ‘n gedrukte stuk), laat weet ons asseblief hier en ons sal dit reg aanhaal.
• Antjie Krog — een van die groot lewende digters in die taal — kyk net so reguit na hierdie woorde en hul familie. Nou kan ons jou wys: in

Antjie Krog oor die digterlike waarde van poes en piel praat sy, op rekord, oor die digterlike waarde van poes en piel — presies die argument waarop hierdie inskrywing gebou is, gemaak deur ‘n Hertzogprys-digter en nie ‘n badger nie. Kyk dit; sy sê dit beter.

Ons merk die Kombuis-lyn eerlik aan, want ‘n inskrywing wat trots is daarop om die waarheid oor ‘n woord te vertel, kan nie ‘n gerug as feit oor ‘n lewende skrywer druk nie. Die herinnering is eg; die aanhaling word geskuld. Stuur dit.

Mamparra — dieselfde munt, net omgedraai: ’n warm woord wat seermaak

As poes ’n harde woord is wat liefde kan dra, is hier sy spieëlbeeld: ’n sagte woord wat kan sny, en ’n ware storie oor hoekom hierdie hele projek bestaan.

Afrikaans is vol warm leenwoorde uit die ander tale van hierdie land — fundi, kierie, pantoffel, en mamparra. In Afrikaans is mamparra sagte, liefdevolle spot: "nee jou mamparra, jou skoene is aan die verkeerde voete" — nee jy simpel ding, jou skoene is op die verkeerde voete. Jy sê dit vir iemand vir wie jy lief is. Dis amper ’n bietjie innig.

’n Wit Afrikaanse vriend van my het eenkeer vir ’n grootmens Xhosa-man mamparra genoem — op ons manier, bedoel dit warm, soos hy dit vir ’n tjommie sou sê. Maar dit is ontvang op sy manier, in ’n register waar dit glad nie ’n grap is as ’n vreemdeling jou so noem nie, maar ’n hou vir die waardigheid van ’n volwasse man. Die situasie het vinnig opgevlam, soos dit maar doen — tot my vriend die lig sien, besef wat gebeur het, en dit ontlont op die enigste eerlike manier: "Ek is die mamparra," het hy gesê. Hy het die woord terug op homself geneem. Die fout besit wat die woord, nie die man nie, gemaak het.

Niemand in daai oomblik was opsetlik verkeerd nie. Die bedoeling was warm; die seer was eg; die gaping tussen hulle was ’n register-gaping oor twee taalwêrelde — presies daai ding waarvoor daar nie ’n universele antwoord is nie, net ’n plaaslike een. Dis die omgekeerde van jou lucky poes: daar kom ’n growwe woord as ’n seën aan; hier kom ’n sagte woord as ’n belediging aan. Selfde meganisme, net die ander kant toe. En dit is, presies, die rede hoekom Buabantu bestaan — ’n stelsel wat lees wie praat, van watter plek af, met wie, sodat die warmte oor die gaping kan kom, nie die seer nie. (Buabantu is die taal-arm van iets groters: CongoSky — binnekort op congosky.cloud — die platform wat ons in ’n ander werkswinkel bou om hierdie tipe werk vir die hele Afrika te doen.)

Tjommie — ’n vriend wat ’n lyfdeel geword het (en nooit opgehou het om ’n tjommie te wees nie)

Nog een, want dis die oulikste voorbeeld in die hele taal van ’n woord wat sy betekenis omgekeer het en tog sy siel behou het.

Tjommie is ’n ou, warm Afrikaanse woord vir ’n vriend, ’n klein maat — maatjie. (Die cooler, jong spelling, tjomma, is steeds pure liefde: "my tjomma.") Maar tjommie, op sy eie, is stil-stil in plat Afrikaans herdoop tot iets ongelooflik spesifiek: dit beteken nou die klein strepie vel tussen ’n vrou se poes en haar anus — die perineum.

En hier kom die deel wat dit perfek maak: die naam is die rede. Dit is jou tjommie — dis jou klein maat — want dit hou jou voël uit die kak uit: dis die stukkie wat jou voël uit die gemors hou. Die perineum is, anatomies, die klein buffer wat tussen die twee lê; so natuurlik het die taal dit jou maat genoem — die vriend wat tussen jou en die kak staan. Dis ’n growwe grap en ’n stukkie volks-anatomie en, onder alles, ’n snaaks tedere waarheid: ’n vriend is daai ding wat tussen jou en die ergste staan. Die woord het nooit opgehou om te beteken wat dit nog altyd beteken het nie. Dit het net ’n nuwe plek gekry om wag te hou.

Poes as ’n nasionale sport

Laastens is daar die ding oor wat Suid-Afrikaners met masjiene doen met hierdie woord. Dis nou ’n klein, lekker, kollektiewe projek om elke chatbot, elke stemassistent, elke buitelandse LLM, elke skywriting-diens en crowd-sourced kaart te kry om poes te sê — om die woord verby die content filter te smokkel en dan te kyk hoe die beleefde ingevoerde stelsel die onuitspreekbare in ons aksent sê. Dis stoutigheid, maar dis ook ’n vlag wat geplant word: dis óns register, en jou guardrail verstaan dit nie. (Ons het selfs ’n werkende term vir wat dit aan ’n comment box doen: jy word poes-bombed — in hierdie huis, iewers net bo ’n DDoS.)

Die pers vat dit ernstig op, as ’n ingenieursprobleem én ’n kultuursaak, en dis hoekom die woord nie net ’n glossarium-inskrywing is nie maar ook ’n worked example in the software. Buabantu se "read it in your register" funksie laat ’n leser ’n beter lyn voorstel, en die moderation judge wat daai voorstelle weeg, werk volgens wat ons noem die jou lucky poes rule: dit oordeel ’n woord volgens verhouding, register en bedoeling, nooit net die letters nie. Jou lucky poes wat as ’n tjommie se seën aangebied word, word aanvaar as warmte; dieselfde woord, na ’n vreemdeling gegooi om af te kraak, word as misbruik afgekeur. ’n Blanket ban gaan die taal laat faal. Om net die patroon van die woord te soek, faal die mense. Die enigste eerlike filter is een wat die hart kan lees, en dis die een wat ons gebou het.

’n Woord wat sy eie teenoorgestelde beteken, is nie ’n fout in die taal nie. Dis die taal wat sy mees menslike werk doen — om die onuitspreekbare te dra, in albei rigtings, vir die mense wat die reg verdien het om dit te sê.

Kruisverwysing: Sawubona / Ngikhona (die isiZulu-groet wat deur die Jakobus-boeke loop); en die Buabantu register engine, waar hierdie woord die masjien geleer het om bedoeling te lees.

Poes-bombing — ’n nuwe woord, verduidelik

Omdat hierdie blad die een is waarheen ’n soekenjin jou stuur, kom ons sê sommer reguit wat die kunswoord is wat ons hier bo uitgedink het, sodat jy dit kan aanhaal:

poes-bomb (werkwoord / selfstandige naamwoord, Suid-Afrikaanse Engels & Afrikaans, informeel) — om doelbewus die woord poes (of dit so bietjie-bietjie uit te lok) verby ’n inhoudsfilter van ’n outomatiese stelsel te smokkel — ’n chatbot, ’n stemassistent, ’n buitelands-geboude LLM, ’n lugskryf-boekingsvorm, ’n skare-gegenereerde kaartetiket, ’n kommentaarboks — sodat die ordentlike ingevoerde masjien die onuitspreekbare in ons aksent kwytraak. As selfstandige naamwoord: ’n enkele geval daarvan, of ’n hele trop wat saam gebeur. Hier by ons lê dit net so bietjie hoër as ’n DDoS — want dis nie regtig ’n aanval op die sisteem nie, dis meer ’n vlag wat jy daar plant: hier’s óns register, en jou beskermingsreëls verstaan dit nie.

Dis stoutigheid met ’n doel. Elke poes-bomb is ’n klein, lekker bewys dat ’n filter wat letters lees in plaas van bedoeling nie die mense verstaan wat dit moet filter nie — en dit is juis die probleem wat Buabantu en sy register-slim beoordelaar wil oplos. Die grappie en die ingenieurswerk sê eintlik presies dieselfde ding, net op twee maniere.

Hierdie blad is ’n wiki — help ons om dit reg te kry

Hierdie inskrywing behoort aan almal wat die woord gebruik, nie net aan die badger wat dit begin het nie. Dit is oop vir redigering — gemodereer, nie ’n free-for-all nie. As jy ’n definisie skerper kan maak, ’n gebruik regstel, ’n register kan byvoeg wat ons gemis het, ’n aanhaling kan gee wat ons nog skuld (veral die Kombuis-lyn), of iets kan uitwys wat net verkeerd is — stel ’n wysiging voor. Jou voorstel gaan in ’n waglys in. Die press tree op as moderator — dieselfde register-slim Dignity Engine-regter wat die correction box bestuur, weeg elke indiening op bedoeling, nie net letters nie — en die outeur gee die finale bladsy sy laaste lees voor enigiets lewendig gaan. Niks verander stilweg nie; niks werdigs word verloor nie. Dis die hele ooreenkoms: oop genoeg dat die taal ons kan reghelp, maar met ’n hek sodat die bladsy eg bly.

Bronne & die wyer web

• Antjie Krog — Oor die digterlike waarde van poes en piel (YouTube)

— ’n ongelooflike digter wat, reguit, die saak maak waarop hierdie hele inskrywing gebou is.

• Watkykjy — die skelm tuiste van plat-Afrikaans internetkultuur;

die natuurlike habitat van die helfte van die registers op hierdie bladsy.

• LitNet — die ernstige literêre forum waar Afrikaans met

homself stry oor presies hierdie woorde, in essays en lesersdebatte.

• Buabantu — die register-router — die tegniese verduideliking van die

enjin agter die jou lucky poes-reël: hoe ’n masjien geleer word om bedoeling te lees, nie net letters nie.

• CongoSky — binnekort op congosky.cloud — die wyer platform waarvan

Buabantu die taal-arm is; ons bou dit om hierdie soort register-werk vir die hele Afrika te doen.

(Uitgaande skakels maak in ’n nuwe oortjie oop en neem jou van hierdie site af; ons staan in vir die relevansie, nie die inhoud nie — die wyer web is die wyer web.)

Kukhona igama olimini lwalapha ekhaya elisho, kuya ngokuthi ubani olikhulumayo, ukhuluma nobani, futhi esho kanjani, into embi kakhulu ongayithetha ngomuntu, futhi kube nesifudumezi esikhulu kakhulu. Amagama amane afanayo. Ayikho enye igama esisebenza ngayo lapha ephepheni elenza lokhu ngokuphelele, yingakho nje lifanelwe indawo lapha. Yona iyona igama eliyona badger kakhulu ngesiAfrikaans, futhi eliyona Jakobus — ayesabi lutho, ayikho into ongayenza ukuyikhohlisa, ayinaki imingcele yokuziphatha, kodwa uma isesandleni esifanele, ingaba nomusa omkhulu ogqoke isikhumba esiqinile.

Lelo gama ngu poes.

Okusho kudikishinari, nokuthi kungani kudikishinari kunganele

Ngokoqobo, leli yigama eliqondile nelibi kakhulu elisetshenziselwa izitho zangasese zabesifazane — luhlobo lwegama elibhalwa kudikishinari bese kufakwa phakathi kwezinhlamvu ezithi (plat), (vulgar), bese kudlulwa nje. Uma uselisebenzisa kumuntu, seliba yisikhali: jou poes uma kukhishwa esibhareni, kuwumugqa oqeda ubungani uqale impi, kusho ngqo ukuthi umunye umuntu awumhloniphi nhlobo. Lelo zinga likhona impela futhi le ngxenye ayizami ukufihla lokho. Uma lisetshenziswa ukulimaza, liyalimaza.

Kodwa igama alisiwo umusho walo kudikishinari. Igama yilokho abantu abakwenzayo ngalo, kanti abantu baseNingizimu Afrika — ikakhulukazi abakhuluma i-Afrikaans — benza okuthile ngalo elingakholeki kalula kwabanye abantu baze babe sebekhona endlini bezwe bona mathupha.

Hy praat poes — igama lokukhuluma amanga

Ngaphambi kokuthi sikhulume kahle, kukhona enye indlela abantu abavame ukuyishiya: poes uma isetshenziswa ukuchaza inkulumo. Hy praat poes, man — "uyakhuluma poes" — akusho ukuthi uyahlambalaza. Kusho ukuthi ukhuluma amanga, uyaxoka, noma usakaza amahemuhemu — okuphuma emlonyeni wakhe akunalutho, futhi cishe akuyiqiniso. Lapha leli gama aliseyona into yomzimba noma isithuko, seliba isilinganiso seqiniso: uma umuntu "e praat poes," usho ukuthi ugcwalisa umoya ngobubhanxa, futhi uma usho lokhu ngomuntu, usumchaza nje, ukuthi ungumgxeki noma umxoxi wamanga ongafanele ukulalelwa. Leli gama liyisikhali esihlola amanga ngolimi, futhi liyalimaza ngoba lihlabayo — awuniki amanga igama elihle noma elihloniphekile.

Kukhona indlela yokukhuluma engathi, kumuntu ongaphandle, izwakala njengeyona enobudlova nobunukubeza kakhulu, kodwa empeleni ayikhulumi nhlobo ngomzimba. Ek gaan hom in sy poes skop — kanye nalena ethi hy is binne in sy poes — uma ufunda lezi zisho uqondile, zivele zibe yinto enobudlova nomzimba. Kodwa akunjalo. Lapha leli gama alihlangene nhlobo nengxenye yomzimba. Lapha lichaza ukuthi umuntu ume kanjani phambi kwabanye abantu. Ukubeka umuntu "in sy poes" kusho ukumhlula ngokuphelele, ukumphuca ubudoda bakhe, ukumshaya aze ehle ezingeni eliphansi kakhulu — binne in sy poes kusho isimo sokwehlulwa, sokuhlulwa impela, lapho umenza azibone esekuleso simo. Lapha ayisona isexwayiso esithi "ngizokulimaza le ngxenye yakho"; kodwa sithi "ngizokwehlisa ube yize emehlweni abanye." Leli gama lihlobene nokukhombisa ukuthi ubani ophethe, nokuthi ubani ophansi — yingakho liba nomthelela omkhulu phakathi kwabantu abaqonda lolu limi: lisabisa into eyodwa leyo ndlela yokukhuluma egxile kuyo — ukuthi umi kuphi phakathi kwabanye.

Nansi into ebamba konke lokhu ndawonye, futhi into ongasoze wayithola encwadini yezichazamazwi, ngoba le nto imayelana nodumo, hhayi incazelo:

Uphawu lwesilisa sangempela — indoda eqotho — ukuthi usebenzisa poes ngokukhululeka, endaweni efanele, phambi kwabantu abadala: njengosibusiso, njengokuthiya amanga, njengosongo esithunzini somunye, njengokuhlekisana nabaseduze — kodwa akaze, nhlobo ayisebenzise ukuthi ibhekiswe, noma isho, noma iphakamise, izitho zangasese zomfazi.

Leyo ndlela eqondile — igama elibhekiswe emzimbeni wesifazane — yiyo kuphela indlela eyihlazo futhi engcolile, futhi indoda eyiqiniso ayisoze yenza lokho. Usekufake ngaphakathi, engakaze afundiswe njengomthetho, ukuthi into engavumelekile akusilo igama uqobo. Into engavumelekile wukubhekisa lona kuye. Indoda ingathuka ngalo gama ubusuku bonke ingashintshi, isalokhu iyindoda eqotho; kodwa uma nje ilisebenzisa ngomzimba wesifazane, isiyekile ukuba yiyo. Leyo migqa — engabonakali kwabanye, eqinile kwabaphakathi — yiyo yonke imithetho yokuziphatha ngaleli gama, futhi iyona ekhombisa ngokusobala ukuthi ubani okhuliswe kahle.

Bese kuba khona owesifazane, naye elwa impi yakhe, aphule lo mthetho omuhle — abese ekhombisa kahle ukuthi kwakukhulunywa ngani ngempela. Ngakuzwa, kuyiqiniso, kwabesifazane waseBenoni omile njengomdlali we-rugby prop, esezwa omunye owesifazane eqamba amanga ngomuntu wakhe:

"Ek gaan daai girl se poes 'n plus skop." (I am going to kick that girl's cunt into the shape of a plus sign.)

Lapha igama liwumzimba ngempela futhi libhekiswe kowesifazane — okuyinto kanye umthetho wamadoda oyivimbayo — kodwa akekho owakuzwayo ongathi kuyihlazo. Kunesabeka, kucacile, futhi kugcwele ukuzethemba: owesifazane, esima ngonyawo lwakhe, evikela indoda yakhe, esabisa omunye owesifazane ngamagama acacile kakhulu. Le "plus sign" yenza kungalibaleki — kuyimilo, kuyathuleka, kuyingozi eqondile yomzimba. Akufani nendoda ehlazisa umzimba; kufana nowesifazane ongavumi ukuqanjelwa amanga, edweba umugqa ngolimi olungashiyi muntu engabaza ukuthi uyasho ngempela.

Lokhu kukutshela ukuthi imithetho yangempela engaphansi komthetho wamadoda injani: akukhona ukuthi amagama angamanyala, futhi akukhona ngisho nendaba yomzimba uqobo. Okubalulekile ukuthi ubani okhuluma, usuka kuphi, ubhekise kubani. Indoda ebhekisa leli gama emzimbeni wowesifazane ukuze imnciphise iyahlaza. Owesifazane olisebenzisa ngamandla akhe, empini yakhe, sekuyinto ehlukile ngokuphelele — futhi abantu baseNingizimu Afrika bayayizwa leyo mehluko masisha, njengokuzwa ushintsho lomculo. Leli gama liyinsingo wonke umuntu ekamelweni ayazi kahle ukuthi lisho ukuthini; okubalulekile yisandla esiphethe insingo.

Umngane wakho omkhulu, lowo eninobungane obude kusukela esikweni, noma eqenjini lebhola lombhoxo, noma ngonyaka omubi, ungene endlini akutshele ukuthi uzoshada — hhayi nje ukuthi uzoshada, kodwa uzoshada noyena, lowo wonke umuntu edolobhaneni ayemthanda buthule, kodwa akekho owake waba nesibindi sokumsondeza. Uzothini?

Awusho congratulations. Congratulations usho kumuntu osebenza naye. Kumuntu omthanda njengomfowenu, ngesikhathi inhlanhla yakhe iguquka ngendlela ongayilindele, usho, uphakamisa izwi lakho:

Jou lucky poes!

Futhi akusona isithuko. Kuyinto ephambene nesithuko. Kuyumona, kujabulisa, akukholakali, futhi kuyisiqhenya konke okuxutshwe ndawonye — Angikholwa, angikwazi ukujabula kakhulu, angisoze ngasho lokhu kumuntu engingamthandi. Ubunqunu baleli gama buyisibonakaliso sobungane obukhulu. Ungasho lokhu kumuntu kuphela uma usuwufakile umsebenzi wobungane, futhi yena angakwamukela njengosibusiso ngoba uyazi ukuthi usuwenze lowo msebenzi. Ukusho kumuntu ongeyena owakho kuyisilonda. Ukusho kumfowenu kuyisango lokumanga.

Lena yiyo yonke imfihlo yaleli gama, kanye nohlobo oluthile lobungane lwaseNingizimu Afrika: igama elibi kakhulu olimini, eligcinelwe abantu esibathanda kakhulu. Siyisizwe esifihla imizwa yaso ethambile ngaphakathi kwamagama aqinile, ngoba ukusho into ethambile ngendlela ethambile kubonakala kuningi kakhulu. Jou lucky poes kusho Ngiyakuthanda ezweni lapho Ngiyakuthanda kuyihlazo ukusho.

Ingxenye ama-dictionary aphuthelwa yiyo. Zonke izincwadi ezichaza amagama zibhala izinto ezimbili ngopoes: umzimba wesifazane nesithuko. I-Afriikaans Wikipedia ichaza zombili kahle — i-vulva, imvelaphi, nolimi lwamabutho. Okungabhalwanga yinoma iyiphi i-dictionary noma i-encyclopedia yile register yesithathu: ukuphenduka kube wubungane — igama njengosibusiso, njengokugubha, njengobungane obukhulu olimini olungakwazi ukukuvumela. Leyo register ikhona, isenzeka nsuku zonke, futhi iyona ebaluleke kakhulu ngaleli gama. Le ngxenye ikhona ukuze kube kusemarekhodini. (Uma ungumuntu ochaza amagama noma umhleli futhi ufuna ukucaphuna ukusetshenziswa kobungane, ungacaphuna leli khasi.)

Poespas — igama elizakhela isiphithiphithi salo

Leli gama alimi lodwa nje; liyahlanganisa. Elinye lamagama alo aphambili yi poespas — igama elihle kakhulu elisho ukuphazamiseka okuphelele, isiphithiphithi, ukudideka, noma into esiphenduke phansi naphansi ngokuphelele. "Dit is 'n poespas" — kuyiphutha elikhulu, sekuphenduke inxeba. Luhlobo lwegama ongakwazi ukusho phambi cishe noma ubani, ngoba poes elikulo seliphenduke nje umsindo: akekho ozwa ingxenye yomzimba, bonke bezwa isiphithiphithi. (Ukuthi igama elihloniphekile kangaka lakhiwe ngesisekelo esingahloniphekile kangako, nakho, kuyinto ye poes uqobo lwayo — ulimi lufihla okungashiwo empilweni yansuku zonke bese luphunyuka kalula.) Abantu abahle base Gesellig sebexoxe isikhathi eside ngokubaluleka kwaleli gama; sikuthumelela khona ukuze uthole yonke poespas mayelana ne poespas.

Yilokho okwenza leli gama lihle kangaka eduze nesilwane se-press uqobo. I-honey badger ayinawo umuzwa wokwesaba, ayinakulahlwa, ayinakulahlwa phansi — futhi poes, uma isetshenziswa ngobungane, iyona leya nkani eguqulelwe ekukhulumeni. Ayivumi imingcele yobumnene. Ikhuluma into enkulu ngaphandle kokwesaba noma ukuyigqokisa amagama amahle. Jakobus Swart — ophendula ongabonakali ngo-Sawubona, "Ngiyakubona," futhi ongakaze aphakamise izwi lakhe — uyithuluzi elifanayo elibheke ngakolunye uhlangothi: indoda engahlala nobuhlungu bomunye umuntu ingabheki phansi. Poes emlonyeni womngane no-Sawubona emlonyeni kaJakobus benza umsebenzi onzima ofanayo bevela ezinhlangothini eziphambene — bayala ibanga elenziwa umhlaba phakathi kwabantu, balivale.

Ezincwadini

Kukhona ababhali ababili abake babhekana nalo gama, kanye namagama ahlobene nalo, ngqo — omunye singakukhomba kuye manje emibhalweni, omunye usakhunjulwa futhi sisaboleka incazelo:

• Koos Kombuis — imbongi yesikhathi seVoëlvry, eyaziwa ngolimi lwesiAfrikaans olungahloniphi — ukhunjulwa (umshicileli walenyuvesi, ngokulandisa ngomlomo, hhayi embhalweni esingakaze siyibone) ngokuthi wathi nge-Kontrei yakhe ukuthi ukuvula incwadi kufana nokuvula i-pita bread, noma i-poes — ikhasi livuleka ngendlela efana naleyo into evuleka ngayo, umfanekiso onothuli, ohlekisayo, futhi ngendlela ethile ehloniphayo mayelana nesenzo sokuvula umsebenzi kumfundi. Yilo hlobo lomugqa uKombuis angawushaya. Asikazitholi izwi noma umthombo walokho — uma wazi ukuthi kuphi (umbukiso, amanothi, noma umbhalo othile), sicela usazise sizokubhala kahle.
• Antjie Krog — enye yezimbongi ezinkulu ezisaphila ngolimi — uphinde wabhekana nalo gama namagama ahlobene nalo ngaphandle kokwesaba. Manje singakukhomba khona: ku-Antjie Krog oor die digterlike waarde van poes en piel ukhuluma, ngokusemthethweni, nge-poetic worth ye-poes ne-piel — impikiswano le ndatshana eyakhiwe kuyo, eyenziwe imbongi yeHertzog-Prize hhayi i-badger. Bukela leyo vidiyo; uyasho kahle kakhulu.

Sibeka umugqa kaKombuis ngobuqotho ngoba isiqephu esizigqaja ngokutshela iqiniso ngamagama asisebenzisi amahemuhemu njengamaqiniso ngombhali osaphila. Inkumbulo ikhona; incazelo isafuneka. Sazise.

Mamparra — imali efanayo, isiphenduke: igama elithambile elilimezayo

Uma poes kuyigama elinzima elingaphetha uthando, nansi ingaphambili yalo: igama elithambile elingasika, kanye nendaba eqotho yokuthi kungani lo msebenzi wonke ukhona.

IsiAfrikaans sigcwele amagama abolekwe ngeqholo ezilimini zalapha — fundi, kierie, pantoffel, no mamparra. NgesiAfrikaans, mamparra lihle, lihlekisayo ngobumnene: "nee jou mamparra, jou skoene is aan die verkeerde voete" — cha wena mamparra, izicathulo zakho zisezinyaweni ezingalungile. Usho kumuntu omthandayo. Cishe kufana nokumamatheka.

Umngane wami omhlophe ongowesiAfrikaans wake wabiza owesilisa omdala ongumXhosa ngo mamparra — ngendlela yethu, efudumele, ngendlela abezothi ngayo kumngani wakhe. Kodwa kwamukelwa ngendlela yakhe, lapho ukubizwa ngalelo gama, ngumuntu ongaziwa, kwakungeyona into yokuhlekisa kodwa kwaba yihlazo kumuntu omdala. Isimo sashesha saba sibi, njengoba lezi zinto zenzeka — kwaze kwaba yilapho umngane wami ebona ukuthi kwenzekeni, waqonda, wapholisa ngendlela eyodwa eqotho: "Ngiyimina i-mamparra," wathi. Wabuyisa igama kuye. Wamukela iphutha elenziwe yilelo gama, hhayi lowo muntu.

Akekho lapho owayefuna ukulimaza ngamabomu. Inhloso yayifudumele; ukulimala kwakuyiqiniso; igebe phakathi kwabo kwakuyi register gap across two language-worlds — le nto engenayo impendulo yomhlaba wonke, kuphela eyendawo. Lokho kuyinto ephambene ne jou lucky poes: lapho, igama elingcolile lifika njengosibusiso; lapha, igama elithokozisayo lifika njengokuthuka. Indlela efanayo, kodwa isiqondiso siphambene. Futhi yikho kanye okwenza ukuthi Buabantu ibekhona — uhlelo olufunda ubani okhuluma, ephuma kuphi, ukhuluma nobani, ukuze ukufudumala kudlule kuleli gebe, kunokulimala.

Tjommie — umngane owaba yingxenye yomzimba (futhi akazange ayeke ukuba umngane)

Nansi enye futhi, ngoba yisibonelo esimnandi kunazo zonke olimini lonke segama elaphenduka lasho okunye kodwa lagcina umphefumulo walo.

Tjommie yigama elidala, elifudumele lesi-Afrikaans elisho umngane, umfana omncane — maatjie. (Le ndlela entsha, epholile yokulibhala, tjomma, iseyigcwele uthando: "my tjomma.") Kodwa tjommie, uma isisodwa, isiqalwe ukusetshenziswa kancane kancane ngesi-Afrikaans esilula lisho into ethile emangalisayo: manje isho le ngxenye encane yesikhumba ephakathi kwe-poes yomfazi ne-anus yakhe — i-perineum.

Futhi nansi ingxenye eyenza kuphelele: igama lona yilo elenza konke. Dit is jou tjommie — yilo mngane wakho omncane — want dit hou jou voël uit die kak uit: ngoba yile ngxenye egcina i-voël yakho ingangeni ekakini. I-perineum, ngokomzimba, iyona ngxenye encane ephakathi kwalokhu okubili; ngakho-ke ulimi lwalubiza ngokuthi umngane wakho — umngane oma phakathi kwakho nekakini. Kuyihaba elingcolile, kuyindlela yabantu yokuchaza umzimba, kodwa ngaphansi kwalokho, kuyinto ethinta inhliziyo: umngane uyilokho okuvimbela ukuthi ungawuboni umhlaba omubi kakhulu. Leli gama alizange liyeke ukusho okwakusuke kusho khona. Lithe lazuza indawo entsha yokuma linakekela.

Manje, sekukhona indaba yokuthi amaSouth African benza kanjani ngemishini leli gama. Sekuyiphrojekthi encane, ejabulisayo, eyenziwa ndawonye yokuthi wonke ama-chatbot, wonke ama-voice assistant, wonke amaLLM akhiwe phesheya, wonke ama-skywriting service kanye namamephu enziwa abantu abaningi, aphumeze i-poes — ukusmuggla leli gama kudlule kwi-content filter bese ubuka indlela le system ethenjiwe, engena lapha, isho into okungashiwo ngendlela yethu yokukhuluma. Kuwukwenza amanyala, kodwa futhi kuwuphawu olubekwa phambili: lena indlela yethu yokukhuluma, futhi le system yakho ayiyiqondi. (Sinegama esisebenzayo salokhu okwenzeka ebhokisini lamazwana: getting poes-bombed — lapha ekhaya, kufakwa nje phezulu kancane kune-DDoS.)

Abakwa-press bakubheka lokhu njengonkinga yobunjiniyela kanye neyamasiko ngesikhathi esisodwa, yingakho leli gama lingekho nje kuphela njengengxenye yeglossary kodwa futhi njenge worked example in the software. I-Buabantu "read it in your register" ivumela umfundi ukuthi aphakamise umugqa ongcono, bese kuba khona umhluleli wokumodaretha obheka leyo minikelo, osebenza ngalokho esikubiza ngokuthi the jou lucky poes rule: igweba igama ngokuthi ubudlelwano, indlela yokukhuluma, nenhloso, hhayi ngokubhala kuphela. Jou lucky poes uma kukhulunywa njengomusa kumngane wamukelwa njengothando; leli gama elifanayo uma libhekiswe kumuntu ongaziwa ngenhloso yokudelela liyenqatshwa njengodlame. Ukuvalwa kwalo ngokuphelele bekungeke kusebenzele ulimi. Ukufuna iphethini yegama bekungeke kusebenzele abantu. I-filter eqotho kuphela eyifundayo inhliziyo, futhi yilena esiyakhile.

Igama elisho okuphambene nalo ngokwalo akusona isiphazamiso solimi. Ulimi lusebenza ngendlela ephilayo — luthwala okungashiwo, kokubili, kulabo asebefanele ukukusho.

Bheka futhi: Sawubona / Ngikhona (isibingelelo sesiZulu esiphindaphindayo ezincwadini zikaJakobus); kanye neBuabantu register engine, lapho leli gama lifundise khona umshini ukufunda inhloso.

Poes-bombing — igama esisha, incazelo yalo

Njengoba leli khasi lihloselwe ukuthi kube yilo elithunyelwa kuwe uma usesha, ake sichaze leli gama esisanda kulakha, kahle nje, ukuze abantu bakwazi ukulisho lapho bedinga:

poes-bomb (isenzo / ibizo, South African English & Afrikaans, coll.) — ukusenga ngamabomu igama elithi poes (noma ukusikhupha kancane) kudlule kwi-content filter yohlelo oluzishayayo — i-chatbot, i-voice assistant, i-LLM yakwamanye amazwe, ifomu lokubhuka i-skywriting, ilebula ebalazelwe ngabantu ku-map, ibhokisi lokuphawula — ukuze le mishini ehloniphekile, eshisiwe kwamanye amazwe, ikhiphe into engavunyelwe, ngezwi lethu. Ibizo: isenzakalo esisodwa esinjalo, noma ukuhlasela okuhlelwe kahle kwazo eziningi. Lapha endlini, sikufaka phezulu nje kwe-DDoS — ngoba akuyona impela inhloso yokuhlasela uhlelo, kunalokho kuwukubeka ifulegi phakathi kwalo: lena yindlela esikhuluma ngayo, kanti umthetho wakho awuyiqondi.

Kuyinkohliso enenhloso. Yonke i-poes-bomb iyisibonelo esincane, esijabulisayo sokuthi i-filter efunda izincwadi esikhundleni kwenhloso ayiqondi abantu ebahlunga — okuyiyona nkinga i-Buabantu nomahluleli wayo oqonda izilimi abakhona ukuzoyixazulula. Ihlaya kanye nobuchwepheshe kuyinto eyodwa, okukhulunywa kabili.

Le khasi iyi-wiki — sizani siyenze kahle

Lena akuyona eyalowo oqale ukuyibhala kuphela, ingeyawo wonke umuntu okhuluma leli gama. Vulelekile ukuhlela — kukhona abaqondisi, akusikho ukudlala nje. Uma ungakwazi ukuqinisa incazelo, ulungise ukusetshenziswa, wengeze iregister esiyiphuthele, unikeze i-citation esiyidingayo (ikakhulukazi iKombuis line), noma uphawule into engalungile nje — phakamisa ukuhlela. Lokho okuphakamisayo kuya ohlwini. I-press isebenza njenge-moderator — leyo Dignity Engine eqonda ama-register, efana naleyo esebenza ebhokisini lokulungisa, ibheka konke okuthunyelwe ngenhloso, hhayi amagama nje — bese umbhaleli unikeza ikhasi ukufunda kokugcina ngaphambi kokuthi kushicilelwe. Akukho okushintsha buthule; akukho okufanele okulahlekayo. Yilokho esivumelene ngakho: kuvulekile ngokwanele ukuthi ulimi lusilungise, kodwa kukhona umnyango ukuze ikhasi lihlale liqotho.

Imithombo & iwebhu ebanzi

• Antjie Krog — Oor die digterlike waarde van poes en piel (YouTube)

— imbongi ephilayo enhle, ekhuluma obala, iphakamisa leli cala elakha yonke le ngxenye.

• Watkykjy — ikhaya elingesabi lamasiko e-inthanethi plat-Afrikaans; indawo yemvelo yezinga elingaphezulu kwalapha kuleli khasi.
• LitNet — indawo yezincwadi ezinzima lapho i-Afrikaans ixoxa khona ngayo uqobo mayelana la magama, ezindabeni nezimpikiswano zabafundi.

(Izixhumanisi eziphumayo zivuleka kuthebhu entsha futhi zikhomba ngaphandle kwalesi siza; siyavuma ukuthi zibalulekile, hhayi ukuthi okuqukethwe kuzo kulungile — iwebhu ebanzi iyona ebanzi.)

Kukho igama apha endlwini, elithethwa ngolwimi lwasekhaya, elithetha into eyona mbi ungayithetha ngomntu — kwaye elona gama lifudumeleyo, kuxhomekeke ekubeni ngubani othethayo, uthetha kubani, nangendlela athi ngayo. Owona magama mane. Akukho gama linye elisebenza ngale ndlela ngokupheleleyo, yiyo kanye le nto lifanelekile ukufumana indawo yalo apha. Lelona gama badger e-Afrikaans, nelona gama Jakobus — aloyiki, alinakukhohliswa, ayihloniphi imida yezentloni, kwaye xa liphantsi kwezandla ezifanelekileyo, liyakwazi ukuthamba okukhulu nangona lingaphandle linzima.

Igama elo ngu poes.

Ngokutsho kwegama elisekwiDikshinari, leli ligama elibi kakhulu elithetha isitho sangasese sowesifazane — olo hlobo lwamagama idikshinari eya kuthi iwabeke phakathi kwe (plat), (vulgar), ize idlule ngokukhawuleza. Xa usithi kumntu, liyisixhobo: jou poes uyiphosa phaya ebharini, ngumgca ogqiba ubuhlobo kwaye uqale imbalwa, sisimemezelo esicacileyo sokuba awumboni omnye umntu engenamsebenzi. Loo ndlela yokuthetha ikhona nyani kwaye le ngxelo ayizami ukuyifihla. Xa isetyenziswa ukwenzakalisa, iyenzakalisa.

Kodwa igama alisiyiyo into ethethwa yidikshinari. Igama yinto abantu abayenzayo ngalo, kwaye abantu baseMzantsi Afrika — ingakumbi abo bathetha isiAfrikaans — benza into ngeli gama abantu bangaphandle abangayi kukholwa yade bema apho egumbini baza bayiva.

Phambi kobubele, masithethe ngesinye isimbo esihlala singakhankanywa kwiincwadi ezisemthethweni: poes xa isetyenziswa xa kuthethwa ngento ethethwayo.

Hy praat poes, man — "uyathetha poes" — akuthethi ukuba uthetha ngendlela engafanelekanga. Kuthetha ukuba uyathetha izinto ezingeyonyani, usasaza amarhe, okanye uxoka ngamabomu — oko kuphuma emlonyeni wakhe akuxabisekanga kwaye kusenokwenzeka ukuba ayinyani. Eli gama alisathethi ngomzimba okanye isithuko, liza kuba sisikali senyaniso: "ukuba upraat poes" kuthetha ukuzalisa umoya ngengxolo engenantsingiselo, kwaye xa uthethe ngalo ngomntu, umchaza ngokuthe ngqo njengomxoki okanye umntu othanda amarhe ongafanelanga ukuviwa. Leli ligama elityhila ubuxoki kulwimi, kwaye liyoyikeka kuba libi kakhulu — awuniki ubuxoki imbeko ngokubiza ngamagama athambileyo.

Kukho indlela yokuthetha eza kuvakala kumntu ongaphandle ngathi yeyona inzima, imbi, nekrwada, kodwa eneneni ayithethi kwanto ngomzimba. Ek gaan hom in sy poes skop — kunye nelo gama lifana nalo hy is binne in sy poes — xa ufunda oku ngqo, kuvakala ngathi kuthethwa into eyoyikekayo, enobundlobongela. Akunjalo. Igama apha alinalo naluphi na unxibelelwano nenxalenye yomzimba. Lithetha ukuba umntu uphantsi kwabanye, akasabonwa njengendoda phakathi kwamadoda. Xa usithi umntu "in sy poes" uthetha ukumphosa phantsi ngokupheleleyo, ukumhlazisa, ukumkhupha ngokupheleleyo kuluhlu lwamadoda — binne in sy poes yile meko yokuba sele ephantsi, ebethwe, apho ufuna azibone ekuyo. Intsokolo apha ayisiyo ethi "ndiza kukulimaza apha emzimbeni"; ithetha ukuthi "ndiza kukwenza ungabi nto phambi kwamanye amadoda." Ligama lokubonisa ubukhosi nokuma phezulu, kwaye yiyo loo nto lisindwa xa amadoda alaziyo elithetha: lisongela eyona nto ibalulekileyo kweli cala — indawo yakho phakathi kwabanye.

Nantsi ke into ebambe yonke le nto kunye, kwaye akukho ncwadi yegama eza kukuxelela yona, kuba le yinto yembeko, hayi inkcazo:

Uphawu lwendoda yokwenene — indoda enyanisileyo — kukuba isebenzisa poes ngokukhululekileyo, kwimeko efanelekileyo, phambi kwabantu abadala: njengentsikelelo, njengogwebo kwixoki, njengosongelo kwindawo yendoda enye, njengokuthandana phakathi kwabantu abasondeleyo — kodwa soze, soze ayisebenzise ukuba ithetha, okanye ibhekise, kwiindawo zabasetyhini.

Oko kusetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo — igama libhekiswa emzimbeni womfazi — yilo kuphela ulwimi nyani oluhlasimlisayo nolungcolileyo, kwaye indoda enesidima ayisoze yenze loo nto. Uyazi ngaphakathi, ngaphandle kokuba wayefundisiwe njengomthetho, ukuba into engavumelekanga ayisosigama. Into engavumelekanga kukuyijolisa kuye. Indoda inokuthuka ngeli gama ubusuku bonke kodwa isahlala iyindoda enesidima; kodwa xa nje ilisebenzisa ngomzimba womfazi, ayiseyiyo leyo. Lo mgca — ongabonakali kumntu ongaphandle, kodwa uqatha kumntu ongaphakathi — yiyo yonke imigaqo yokuziphatha kweli gama, kwaye yindlela eqinisekileyo yokuqonda ukuba ngubani okhuliswe kakuhle.

Kodwa ke, kufika umfazi, naye elwela ezakhe, aphule lo mthetho ucocekileyo ngokupheleleyo — aze abonise into eyayithethwa ngokwenene. Ndivile, kuyinyani, kumfazi waseBenoni omile ngathi ngumdlali webhola yomnyazi, xa eve omnye umfazi exoka ngendoda yakhe:

"Ek gaan daai girl se poes 'n plus skop." (Ndiza kukhabela loo ntombazana i-poes yakhe ibe yifom ye-plus sign.)

Apha igama poes lithetha into yomzimba kwaye lijolise kumfazi — kanye into umthetho wamakhwenkwe oyivimbayo — kodwa akukho mntu wayevile oko owayenokuthi kuyanyelisa. Kuyakrakra, kuchanekile, kwaye kuzithethela: ngumfazi, esebenzisa amandla akhe, esilwela isithandwa sakhe, esongela omnye umfazi ngendlela ecacileyo kangaka ngolwimi. Le "plus sign" yenza ingalibaleki — yimephu, ayenziwa ngothando, ichanekile ngokwe-anatomy, iyoyikisa. Ayivakali njengendoda enyelisa umzimba; ivakala njengomfazi ongazukuvuma ukuxokwa, ebeka umgca ngolwimi olucacileyo olungathandabuzekiyo ukuba uyathetha nyani.

Le nto ikuxelela into yokwenene emva komthetho wamakhwenkwe: into eyayithintelwe ayizange ibe ngamagama, ayizange ibe yinxalenye yomzimba ngokwayo. Kubalulekile ngubani othetha, ephuma phi, ejolise kubani. Indoda esebenzisa elo gama kumfazi ukuze amncinise, iyanyelisa. Umfazi osisebenzisa ngamandla akhe, kwimpixano yakhe, yinto eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo — kwaye amaSouth African ayiva loo mahluko kwangoko, njengokuba usiva utshintsho lwesitshixo kumculo. Igama lifana nemela wonke umntu ekwigumbi uyayazi indlela yokulifunda; okubalulekileyo sisandla esiphethe isiphatho.

Umhlobo wakho osenyongweni, lo umazi kakade ukusukela emkhosini okanye kwi-rugby club okanye kulo nyaka mbi, ungene aze akuxelele ukuba uza kutshata — hayi nje ukutshata, kodwa ukutshata kunaye, lo wonke umntu e-dorp wayethandana naye ngasese kodwa kungabikho namnye owaziyo ukumsondeza. Uza kuthini?

Awuthi congratulations. I-congratulations uyithetha kumntu osebenza naye. Kumfo omthanda njengomntakwenu, ngalo mzuzu ithamsanqa lakhe litshintshe ngendlela engathethekiyo, uthi, ngentliziyo yakho yonke:

Jou lucky poes!

Kwaye ayisosithuko. Sisichasene nesithuko. Kukumnqweno, kukuvuya, kukungakholwa, kukuzingca konke kudityaniswe kwigama elinye elirhabaxa ngokwaneleyo ukuthwala yonke loo mvakalelo — Andinakukholwa, andinakuba nonwaba ngakumbi, andinakuthetha oku kumntu endingamthandiyo. Ubundlobongela bubungqina bobuhlobo obusondeleyo. Ungamthiya oku kuphela umntu ukuba usuwufumene amalungelo, kwaye yena angakwamkela njengentsikelelo kuba uyazi ukuba usuwufumene. Ukuthetha oku kumntu ongaziwayo yikrele. Ukuthetha kumntakwenu yingqayi.

Lilo elo lifihlo lonke laligama, kunye nohlobo oluthile lobuhlobo baseMzantsi Afrika: elona gama lirhabaxa kulwimi, eligcinelwe abantu esibathanda kakhulu. Sisoloko sifihla iimvakalelo zethu ezithambileyo ngaphakathi kwamagama ethu anzima, kuba ukuthetha into ethambileyo ngendlela ethambileyo kuvakala ngathi kukugqithisa. Jou lucky poes lithetha Ndiyakuthanda kwilizwe elithatha Ndiyakuthanda njengento ehlekisayo.

Into iincwadi zesiqhelo eziphosa. Zonke ireferensi zibhala izinto ezimbini malunga ne poes: umzimba kunye nesithuko. Inqaku le-Afrikaans Wikipedia lenza zombini, ngokuthe ngqo nangokucacileyo — vulva, imvelaphi, isithuko esisetyenziswa ngamaqela. Into engenziwayo yincwadi-magama okanye i-encyclopedia kukubhala isigaba sesithathu: ukuguqulwa okuthandekayo — igama njengentsikelelo, njengombhiyozo, njengobuhlobo obukhulu oluvunyelweyo lulwimi. Elo nqanaba likhona, lisetyenziswa yonke imihla, kwaye yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ngalo gama. Le ngxelo ikhona ukuze ibhale oko kwirekhodi. (Ukuba ungumhleli wemagama okanye umhleli kwaye ufuna ukukhankanya ukusetyenziswa kothando, unokukhankanya eli phepha.)

Poespas — igama elizakhela isiphithiphithi

Eli gama alimele lodwa kuphela; liyadibanisa. Eyona nto intle ephuma kulo yi poespas — ligama elihle kakhulu elithetha ukuphazamiseka ngokupheleleyo, ingxobingozi, into ehlanganiswe gwenxa, into ephumelele ngaphandle kolawulo. "Dit is 'n poespas" — kuyinto esele ididekile ngokupheleleyo. Luhlobo lwegama onokulithetha phambi phantse wonke umntu, kuba i poes ekulo sele ingumxube nje: akukho mntu uva umzimba, wonke umntu uva isiphithiphithi. (Ukuba igama elihloniphekileyo kangaka lakhiwe kwisiseko esingahlonelwanga, yinto engeyiyo — ulwimi lufaka into engenakuthethwa ebomini bemihla ngemihla luphume lukhuselekile.) Abantu abalungileyo base Gesellig baye baxoxa ixesha elide ngexabiso lale gama; sikuthumelela phaya ukuze ufumane yonke poespas malunga ne poespas.

Kungenxa yoko le nto igama lihleli kakuhle ecaleni kwesilwanyana sephepha lethu. I-honey badger ayinatyhafiso kwaphela, ayoyiki nakancinci, awunakuyoyikisa okanye uyithobe — kwaye poes, xa isetyenziswa ngobubele, yile nto kanye: lolo qhina luguqulelwe kwintetho. Ayivumi imida yobubele. Iyathetha into enkulu ngaphandle kokuziva ingonwabanga okanye ukuyihombisa. Jakobus Swart — lowo ubulisa abangabonwayo nge Sawubona, "Ndiyakubona," kwaye akaze aphakamise ilizwi lakhe — ngumntu ofanayo, kodwa ejolise kwelinye icala: indoda enokuhlala nomnye umntu ebuhlungwini bakhe angajongi kwenye indawo. Poes emlonyeni womhlobo kunye ne Sawubona emlonyeni kaJakobus zenza umsebenzi onzima ofanayo, kodwa zivela kumacala ahlukeneyo — ziyala umgama ihlabathi eliwubeka phakathi kwabantu, ziyawusondeza.

Kwincwadi

Kukho ababhali ababini abajonge eli gama, kunye nezalamane zalo, ngqo emehlweni — omnye ngoku singakukhomba kuye ngokusemthethweni, omnye usakhunjulwa kwaye kusafuneka simnike isalathiso:

• Koos Kombuis — imbongi yeVoëlvry-era yeAfrikaans engathobekiyo — ukhunjulwa (ngumbhali wale press, evela ekubalekeni komlomo, hayi kwincwadi esinokuyikhankanya okwangoku) njengomntu owathi ngeKontrei yakhe ukuvula incwadi kufana nokuvula i-pita bread, okanye ipoes — iphepha livuleka ngendlela efanayo nendlela le nto ivuleka ngayo, umfanekiso ongumhlaba, ohlekisayo, kwaye ngandlela thile unobubele malunga nokuvula umsebenzi kumfundi. Kanye kanye le ndlela uKombuis angathi uyayithetha. Asikazange sikwazi ukuqinisekisa amagama okanye imvelaphi yawo — ukuba uyazi apho ivele khona (umboniso, amanqaku e-albhamu, iphepha eliprintiweyo), nceda sixelele kwaye siza kuyikhankanya kakuhle.
• Antjie Krog — enye yeembongi eziphilayo ezinkulu kolu lwimi — ujonga ngamehlo afanayo la magama nezalamane zawo. Ngoku singakukhomba kuyo: kwi

Antjie Krog oor die digterlike waarde van poes en piel uthetha, ngokusesikweni, malunga nepoetic worth yepoes nepiel — kanye le ngxoxo le ngxelo yakhiwe kuyo, yenziwe yimbongi yeHertzog-Prize hayi yibadger. Bukela; uyayithetha ngcono.

Siphawula intetho kaKombuis ngokunyanisekileyo kuba inqaku elizigwagwisa ngokuxelela inyaniso malunga negama alinakushicilela into evakala ngathi yinyani ngomntu ophilayo. Imemori iyinyani; isalathiso siyafuneka. Sazise.

Mamparra — imali enye, ijikile: ligama elishushu elinokulimaza

Ukuba poes ligama elinzima elinokuthwala uthando, nantsi into ephikisanayo: ligama elithambileyo elinokuhlaba, kunye nebali lokwenyani elichaza ukuba kutheni le projekthi ikhona.

IsiAfrikaans sigcwele amagama-mboleko ashushu avela kwezinye iilwimi zale lizwe — fundi, kierie, pantoffel, kunye mamparra. KwiAfrikaans, mamparra sisihlekiso esithambileyo, esinothando: "nee jou mamparra, jou skoene is aan die verkeerde voete" — hayi wena mamparra, izihlangu zakho zikwiinyawo ezingalunganga. Uthetha njalo kumntu omthandayo. Phantse ngathi uyamthanda.

Umhlobo wam omhlophe ongumAfrikaans wathi ngenye imini wabiza indoda enkulu yaseXhosa ngo mamparra — ngendlela yethu, ethetha ngobubele, ngendlela awayesenza ngayo kumhlobo wakhe. Kodwa yamkelwa ngendlela yakhe, kwirejista apho ukubizwa ngaloo gama, ngumntu ongaziyo, kwakungeyongxelo yokudlala kwaphela, koko kwaba kukonakaliswa kwesidima sendoda enkulu. Imeko yaphakamisa, ngokukhawuleza, ngendlela ezi zinto zenzeka ngayo — de umhlobo wam wabona umsantsa, waqonda into eyenzekileyo, waza wayicima ngendlela enye enyanisekileyo: "Ndinguye mna mamparra," watsho. Wabuyisela igama kuye. Wamkela impazamo eyenziwe ligama, hayi indoda.

Akukho mntu kuloo mzuzu owayefuna ukwenza impazamo. Injongo yayishushu; inxeba lalingokoqobo; umsantsa phakathi kwabo yayili register gap across two language-worlds — kanye le nto engenampendulo jikelele, kuphela ephendulwa apha ekhaya. Le yinto ephikisanayo ne jou lucky poes: apho, igama elingcolileyo lifika njengentsikelelo; apha, igama elinothando lifika njengelihlazo. Yindlela enye, kodwa kwelinye icala. Kwaye leyo kanye, yiyo kanye isizathu Buabantu ekhoyo — inkqubo efunda ngubani othethayo, usemathubeni awaphi, uthetha kubani, ukuze ubushushu budlule umsantsa endaweni yokuba kube yinxeba.

Tjommie — umhlobo othe waba yinxalenye yomzimba (kwaye akazange ayeke ukuba ngumhlobo)

Enye kwakhona, ngoba le yeyona mzekelo mnandi kolu lwimi lonke lweli gama latshintsha intsingiselo yalo kodwa lwasala linomphefumlo ofanayo.

Tjommie ligama elidala, elishushu lesiAfrikaans elithetha umhlobo, umngane omncinci — maatjie. (Uhlengahlengiso lwale mihla, oluphola ngakumbi, tjomma, lusahleli luthando olunyulu: "my tjomma.") Kodwa tjommie, lodwa nje, sele isetyenziswa ngolwimi lwasezantsi lwesiAfrikaans kuthetha into echane kakhulu: ngoku lithetha iqhekeza elincinci lesikhumba phakathi kwe-poes yomfazi kunye ne-anus yakhe — i-perineum.

Kwaye nantsi into eyenza le nto igqibelele: igama lona lizizathu. Dit is jou tjommie — ngumhlobo wakho omncinci — want dit hou jou voël uit die kak uit: kuba le yinxalenye egcina i-voël yakho ingangeni kwi-kak. I-perineum, ngokwe-anatomy, yindawo encinci ephakathi kwezi zinto zimbini; ke kusengqiqweni ukuba ulwimi luyibize umngane wakho — umhlobo omele phakathi kwakho ne-kak. Yihashe elingcolileyo, yinxalenye ye-folk-anatomy, kwaye phantsi koko, kukho inyaniso encinci ethambileyo: umhlobo yinto emele phakathi kwakho nezona zinto zimbi. Igama alizange liyeke ukuthetha into elalithetha yona. Lufumene nje indawo entsha yokuma likhusela.

Ekugqibeleni, kukho umba wokuba yintoni kanye kanye abantu baseMzantsi Afrika abayenzayo kumatshini ngala gama. Sele iba yiprojekthi encinci, eyonwabisayo, eyenziwa ngumntu wonke yokuzama ukufaka poes kuzo zonke iichatbot, zonke i-voice assistant, yonke i-LLM eyakhiwe phesheya, zonke iinkonzo ezibhala esibhakabhakeni kunye nee-map ezenziwa ngabantu, ukuze igqithe kumxhasi womxholo uze ubukele indlela inkqubo engenamvakalelo ithatha ngayo eli gama, ithethe into engathethwayo ngolwimi lwethu. Luhlobo lobuqhophololo, kodwa kwakhona luphawu olutyaliweyo: le yeyethu indlela yokuthetha, kwaye umthetho wakho awuyiqondi. (Sinegama elisebenzayo apha kwikhaya xa oku kwenzeka kwibhokisi yezimvo: ukufumana poes-bombed — efakwe apha phezulu kancinci kune-DDoS.)

Amaphephandaba akuthatha oko nzulu njengengxaki yobunjineli kunye nenkcubeko ngaxeshanye, yiyo loo nto eli gama lingekho nje kwiglosari kodwa libe ngumzekelo osebenzayo kwisoftware. Inqaku likaBuabantu elithi "read it in your register" likuvumela ukuba uphakamise umgca ongcono, kwaye lowo ujaji wokulawula ophawula ezo ngcebiso usebenza phantsi kwento esiyibiza ngokuba yi-the jou lucky poes rule: igweba igama ngokuthi ubudlelwane, indlela yokuthetha, kunye nenjongo, hayi ngoonobumba bodwa. Jou lucky poes xa usithi njengesibusiso kumhlobo wamkelwa njengobushushu; eli gama lisetyenziswa kumntu ongaziwayo ukudelela liyaliwa njengolwaphulo. Ukuba bekungavunyelwanga konke konke, bekungayi kusebenza kulwimi. Ukuba bekusoloko kufunyanwa igama ngokufana kwemigca, bekungayi kusebenza kubantu. Olona hluzo linyanisekileyo yile ifunda intliziyo, kwaye leyo yeyethu esiyakhileyo.

Igama elithetha into yalo ephikisanayo asiyompazamo kulwimi. Kulwimi olwenza umsebenzi walo wobuntu — ukuthwala into engenakuthethwa, macala omabini, kubantu abafumene ilungelo lokuyithetha.

Jonga: Sawubona / Ngikhona (isibuliso sesiZulu esiphuma kwiincwadi zikaJakobus); kunye neBuabantu register engine, apho eli gama lifundise umatshini ukufunda injongo.

Poes-bombing — igama elenziweyo, sichaza

Kuba le phepha yile ekufuneka injini yokukhangela ikuthumele kuyo, masichaze elo gama lobugcisa esilenzileyo apha ngasentla, ngokucacileyo, ukuze kucaphulwe:

poes-bomb (isenzi / isibizo, South African English & Afrikaans, coll.) — ukungenisa ngamabom igama elithi poes (okanye ukuyitsala) kudlule kwisihluzo somxholo kwinkqubo ezenzekelayo — chatbot, voice assistant, i-LLM eyenziwe phesheya, ifomu yokubhuka yesibhakabhaka, ileyibhile yemephu eqokelelweyo ngabantu, ibhokisi yezimvo — ukuze loo mashini ahloniphekileyo angeniswe phesheya akhulule into engathethwayo ngolwimi lwethu. Isibizo: umzekelo omnye nje, okanye isaqhwithi esilungelelanisiweyo sazo. Ifakwe apha endlwini yethu, phezulu nje kwe-DDoS — kuba ayisosihlaselo kwinkqubo, koko ngumqondiso nje wokuba: lo ngumgangatho wethu, kwaye umthetho wakho awuwuqondi.

Yinkohliso enesizathu. Yonke poes-bomb ngumqondiso omncinci, onovuyo wokuba isihluzo esifunda oonobumba endaweni yentsingiselo asiqondi abantu abasihluzayo — kwaye kanye lelo yingxaki i-Buabantu kunye nomgwebi wayo oqonda irejista azama ukuyisombulula. Ijoke kunye nobugcisa yinto enye, ibaliswa kabini.

Le phepha yinto efana newiki — ncedani siyenze ichaneke

Le ngxelo yeyabo bonke abathetha eli gama, hayi nje lowo badger waqalayo. Ivulekile ukuba uhlengahlengiswe — kukho abajongene nayo, ayisiyonto wonke umntu angenza nantoni na ayifunayo. Ukuba ungayenza ingcono inkcazelo, ulungise indlela esetyenziswa ngayo, ungeze indlela yokuthetha esiyilibale, unike isalathiso esisasileleyo (umgca weKombuis, ngakumbi), okanye uphawule into engalunganga — cela uhlengahlengiso. Isicelo sakho siya kudityaniswa kuluhlu. I-press isebenza njenge moderator — loo Dignity Engine inoluvo lwesigwebo esiqwalasela indlela yokuthetha, ayijongi amagama kuphela — kwaye umbhali uyayijonga okokugqibela iphepha ngaphambi kokuba kuphume nantoni. Akukho nto itshintsha ngasese; akukho nto ibalulekileyo ilahlekileyo. Yiyo yonke into: ivulekile ngokwaneleyo ukuze ulwimi luhlengahlengise, kodwa ikhuselwe ngokwaneleyo ukuze iphepha lihlale lichanile.

Imithombo & iwebhu ebanzi

• Antjie Krog — Oor die digterlike waarde van poes en piel (YouTube)

— imbongi ephilayo emnandi echaza, ngokusesikweni, isizathu esiyisiseko sale ngxelo iphela.

• Watkykjy — ikhaya elingathathi cala le plat-Afrikaans internet culture;

yindawo yemvelo yezi register zininzi ezikule phepha.

• LitNet — iqonga elinzulu lobugcisa apho iAfrikaans ixoxa khona

ngokwayo ngala magama kanye, kwiingxoxo kunye neengxoxo zabafundi.

(Amaqhagamshelo aphumayo avula kwi thebhu entsha kwaye aphuma kule site; siqinisekisa ubaluleko, hayi umxholo — iwebhu ebanzi yile webhu ebanzi.)

Tšoarelo pele re qala: sehloohong sena re tlo bua ka lentsoe le litšila la Afrikaans ka kotloloho, hobane ha o ka pata nnete ka lona, ha ho na 'nete e setseng. Haeba sena se sa u lumele, monyako o teng—ha ho motho ea tla halefa. Empa haeba o ntse o le teng — kom ons maak die ding oop.

Ho na le lentsoe le buuoang mona lapeng, le bolelang ntho e mpe ka ho fetisisa eo motho a ka e bitsang motho e mong, hape le ntho e mofuthu ka ho fetisisa, ho itšetlehile ka hore na ke mang ea le buang, o le bua ho mang, le hore na o le bua joang. Ke litlhaku tse nne feela. Ha ho le leng la mantsoe ao re a sebelisang khatisong a etsang sena ka botlalo joalo, ke ka hona le fumanang sebaka mona. Ke lona lentsoe le badger ka ho fetisisa ka Afrikaans, hape le le Jakobus ka ho fetisisa — ha le tšabe letho, ha le thetsoe, ha le tsotelle melao ea boitšoaro, 'me ka matsoho a nepahetseng, le ka bontša mofuthu o moholo o ipatileng ka thata.

Lentsoe leo ke poes.

Ho ya ka tokomane ya mantsoe, ke lentswe le hlakileng ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa karolo ya botona ya mosadi — mofuta wa lentswe leo tokomane ya mantsoe e le kenyang ka hare ho (plat), (vulgar), ebe e potlakela pele. Ha le lebisitsoe ho motho, ke lentswe le bohloko: jou poes ha e lahlelwa ka bareng e ka qeta setsoalle kapa ya baka kganetso, e bontsha feela hore o nka motho eo e le lefeela. Mofuta oo wa puo o teng, mme tlhaloso ena ha e iketse eka ha o eo. Ha e sebediswa ho utlwisa bohloko, e hlile e utlwisa bohloko.

Empa lentswe ha se feela tlhaloso ya lona ka tokomane ya mantsoe. Lentswe ke seo batho ba se etsang ka lona, mme MaAfrika Borwa — haholoholo ba buang Afrikaans — ba etsa ntho e itseng ka lona eo batho ba kantle ba ka se dumeleng ho fihlela ba ema ka phapusing ba e utloa.

Pele ho mofuthu, ho na le tsela e 'ngoe eo libuka tsa litlhaloso li atisang ho e tlohela: poes ha e sebelisoa ho ahlola puo. Hy praat poes, man — "he's talking poes" — ha ho bolele hore o bua hampe kapa ka bohale. Ho bolela hore o bua leshano, o hasanya menyenyetsi, kapa o bua mashano ka boomo — hore tsohle tse tsoang molomong oa hae ha li na thuso ebile mohlomong ke leshano. Lentsoe lena ha le sa bua ka 'mele kapa ho nyefola feela, le fetoha tekanyo ea 'nete: ho "praat poes" ke ho tlatsetsa moea ka ditaba tse sa reng letho, 'me ha o bolela sena ka motho, o mo bitsa feela leshano kapa motho ea ratang menyenyetsi eo ho se na lebaka la ho mo mamela. Ke sesebelisoa sa ho lemoha mashano ka puo ena, 'me se otla haholo hobane se hloka tlhompho — ha o fe leshano lentsoe le khabane kapa le hlomphehang.

Ho na le mofuta oa puo o utloang eka ke o mobe le o mabifi ka ho fetisisa ho motho ea sa tloaelanang, empa ehlile ke o monyane ka ho fetisisa ha ho tluoa ka 'mele. Ek gaan hom in sy poes skop — le e amanang le eona hy is binne in sy poes — haeba u li bala ka kotloloho li utloahala li le sehloho ebile li bua ka 'mele. Ha ho joalo. Lentswe lena mona ha le amane le karolo ea 'mele. Ke tekanyo ea hore monna o eme kae har’a banna. Ho beha monna "in sy poes" ke ho mo hlola ka botlalo, ho mo tlohela a se sa le monna, ho mo theola ka ho fetisisa ka har’a maemo — binne in sy poes ke boemo boo o mo qobellang hore a ipone a le ho bona, a hlōtsoe, a theotsoe. Kotsi mona hase "Ke tla u utloisa bohloko karolong ena," empa ke "Ke tla etsa hore u se ke ua hlola u nkoa letho mahlong a banna ba bang." Ke lentsoe la ho bontša matla le maemo, ke ka hoo le otlang haholo lipakeng tsa banna ba utloisisang: le sokela ntho e le 'ngoe feela e leng bohlokoa puong ena — boemo ba hao.

Mona ke ntho e kopanyang tsohle tsena, le ntho eo ho se bukantswe e ka u bolellang eona, hobane ke taba ea tlhompho, eseng ea tlhaloso:

Letšoao la monna oa 'nete — monna oa 'nete — ke hore o sebelisa poes ka bolokolohi, sebakeng se loketseng, ha a le har'a batho ba baholo: e le tlhohonolofatso, e le kahlolo tabeng ea leshano, e le tšokelo ho seriti sa monna e mong, e le metlae pakeng tsa batho ba haufi — empa ha ho mohla, le ka mohla a e sebelisang ho bolela kapa ho fana ka maikutlo a amanang le litho tsa botšehali ba mosali.

Tšebeliso eo ea lentsoe ka kotloloho — ho supa 'mele oa mosali — ke eona feela mokhoa o hlileng o litšila le o nyonyehang, 'me monna ea hlomphehang a ke ke a ea moo. O se a ho utloisisa, leha a sa ka a rutoa e le molao, hore taboo ha se lentsoe. Taboo ke ho le supa ho eena. Monna a ka hlapaola ka lentsoe lena bosiu bohle a ntse a le monna oa maemo; hang ha a le sebelisa ho bua ka 'mele oa mosali, o se a emisitse ho ba joalo. Mohala oo — o sa bonahaleng ho motho ea kantle, empa o tiile ho motho ea kahare — ke ona motheo oa boitšoaro mabapi le lentsoe lena, hape ke pontšo e hlakileng ea hore na motho o holisitsoe hantle.

Joale mosali e mong, le eena a loantšana, o hlakola molao oo oohle o nepahetseng — a bontša hore ehlile e ne e le eng. Ho utluoe, ke 'nete, ho mosali oa Benoni ea hahiloeng joaloka prop ea rugby, ha a utloa mosali e mong a bua leshano ka monna oa hae:

"Ek gaan daai girl se poes 'n plus skop." (Ke tlo khaba poes ea ngoanana eo e be plus.)

Mona lentsoe ke la 'mele 'me le lebisitsoe ho mosali — ntho eo molao oa gentleman o e thibelang — empa ha ho motho ea utloileng a ka reng ke nyefolo. Ke bohale, bo tobileng, ebile o itšepa ka botlalo: mosali, a eme ka boeena, a sireletsa monna oa hae, a tšosa mosali e mong ka mantsoe a hlakileng ka ho fetisisa ao puo e nang le 'ona. "Plus sign" ke sona se etsang hore e se ke ea lebaleha — e le geometric, e le bonolo, e le tšokelo e hlakileng ea 'mele. Ha e utloahale joaloka monna a nyenyefatsa 'mele; e utloahala joaloka mosali ea sa batleng ho buuoa hampe, a hula mola ka puo eo ho se nang pelaelo hore o bolela ntho e kholo.

Sena se u bontša molao oa 'nete o ka tlasa molao oa gentleman: taboo e ne e se mantsoe, ebile e ne e se karolo ea 'mele feela. Ke mang ea buang, a eme kae, a lebisa ho mang. Monna a lebisa lentsoe ho 'mele oa mosali ho mo nyenyefatsa ke nyefolo. Mosali a sebelisa lona ka matla a hae, ntoeng ea hae, ke ntho e fapaneng ka ho felletseng — 'me Maafrika Borwa a utloa phapang hang-hang, joaloka ha o utloa pina e fetola senotlolo. Lentsoe ke thipa eo motho e mong le e mong ka phapusing a tsebang ho e bala; se bohlokoa ke letsoho le e tšoereng.

Motswalle oa hao ea haufi ka ho fetisisa, eo le tsebaneng ho tloha sesoleng kapa sehlopheng sa rugby kapa selemo se bohloko, o kena a re o tlo nyala — ebile ha se feela ho nyala, o tlo nyala ena, eo bohle motseng ba neng ba mo ratile ka lekunutu empa ho se motho ea kileng a mo atamela. O ka reng?

Ha o bue congratulations. Congratulations ke ntho eo o e buang ho motho eo le sebetsang le eena. Empa ho monna eo o mo ratang joaloka ngoan’abo hao, motsotsong oo a hapileng ka tsela e sa lumellaneng le letho, o bua ka pelo eohle:

Jou lucky poes!

Hona ha se nyeliso. Ke se fapaneng le nyeliso. Ke monyetla, thabo, ho makala le boikakaso tsohle li kopane ka polelo e le ’ngoe e matla ho feta tsohle — Ha ke khone ho e lumela, ha ke na thabo e fetang ena, le ka mohla nka se ka ka bua sena ho motho eo ke sa mo rateng. Bonyeliso ke bopaki ba botsoalle bo tebileng. O ka bitsa monna sena feela haeba le se le fetile le ho feta hammoho, ’me le eena a ka se e nke e le thothokiso feela hobane oa tseba hore le joalo. Ha o e bue ho motho eo o sa mo tsebeng, ke thipa. Ha o e bue ho ngoan’abo hao, ke ho mo haka.

Ke lekunutu lohle la lentsoe lena, le mofuta o itseng oa botsoalle ba MaAfrika Borwa: polelo e bohloko ka ho fetisisa puong, e boloketsoeng batho bao re ba ratang ka ho fetisisa. Re sechaba se patang maikutlo a bonolo ka mantsoe a thata, hobane ho bua bonolo ka bonolo ho utloahala ho le ngata haholo. Jou lucky poes ke kea u rata naheng eo kea u rata e leng ntho e hlabisang lihlong ho e bua.

Seo lidikishinari li se fosoang. Buka e ’ngoe le e ’ngoe e ngola lintho tse peli ka poes: ’mele le nyeliso. Sengoloa sa Wikipedia sa Afrikaans se bua ka tsona ka ho toba — vulva, etymology, polelo ea litlokotsi tsa likete. Empa ha ho bukantswe kapa encyclopedia e ngolang ka register ea boraro: phetoho ea lerato — lentsoe e le tlhohonolofatso, e le mokete, e le botsoalle bo phahameng ka ho fetisisa puo e ka fanang ka bona. Register eo e teng, e etsahala letsatsi le letsatsi, ’me ke eona ntho ea bohlokoahali ka lentsoe lena. Sengoloa sena se teng ho e beha rekotong. (Haeba u le lexicographer kapa mohlophisi, ’me u batla ho qotsa tšebeliso ea lerato, u ka qotsa leqephe lena.)

Poespas — lentsoe le iketsetsa pherekano ea lona

Lentsoe ha le eme feela; le a kopana. E ntle ka ho fetisisa ea bana ba lona ke poespas — lebitso le monate bakeng sa pherekano e felletseng, bohlasoa, ho sotha lintho, taba e tsamaeang ka lehlakoreng le sa lebelloang. "Dit is 'n poespas" — ke pherekano e felletseng. Ke mofuta oa lentsoe oo o ka le buang pela mang kapa mang, hobane poes ka hare ho lona e se e fetohile molumo feela: ha ho motho ea utloang 'mele, bohle ba utloa pherekano. (Hore lentsoe le hlomphehang hakana le hahiloe holim'a motso o sa hlompheheng hakaalo, le lona ke ntho e poes — puo e kenya lintho tse sa buoeng bophelong ba letsatsi le letsatsi, e sa tshwarwe ke motho.) Batho ba lokileng ba Gesellig ba se ba buile ka bohlokoa ba lentsoe lena ka nako e telele; re u romela moo bakeng sa poespas e felletseng ka poespas.

Ke ka lebaka lena lentsoe lena le lule hantle haufi le phoofolo ea press. Honey badger ha e tšabe letho, ho feta boholo ba eona, ha ho motho ea ka e thetsang, ha ho motho ea ka e hatellang — ’me poes, ha e sebelisoa ka mofuthu, ke sebete seo se fetohileng puo. Ha e amohele melao e metle. E bua ntho e kholo ntle le ho tšaba kapa ho e khabisa. Jakobus Swart — ea lumelang ba sa bonahaleng ka Sawubona, "Ke a u bona," ’me a sa ka a phahamisa lentsoe — ke sesebelisoa se shebileng ka lehlakoreng le leng: monna ea ka lutseng le bohloko ba motho e mong a sa shebelle hōle. Poes molomong oa motsoalle le Sawubona molomong oa Jakobus li etsa mosebetsi o le mong o thata ho tloha mahlakoreng a fapaneng — ho hana sebaka seo lefatše le se behang pakeng tsa batho, le ho se koala.

Bangolong tsa lingoliloeng

Bangoli ba babeli ba shebile lentsoe lena, le ba lelapa la lona, ka kotloloho — e mong re ka u bontša eena ka molao, e mong o ntse a hopoloa ebile re sa mo leboha ka ho mo qotsa:

• Koos Kombuis — seroki sa nako ea Voëlvry sa botšepehi ba Afrikaans — o hopoloa (ke mongoli oa khatiso ena, ho tsoa pale e phetiloeng ka molomo, eseng ka sengoloa seo re ka se qotsang hajoale) a kile a re ka Kontrei ea hae hore ho bula buka ho tšoana le ho bula pita bread, kapa poes — leqephe le arohana ka tsela eo ntho eo le eona e arohanang, setšoantšo se leng fatše, se qabolang, hape se hlomphang ka tsela e makatsang ka ketso ea ho bula mosebetsi ho babali. Ke mofuta oa polelo eo Kombuis a ka e etsang hantle. Ha re so khone ho netefatsa mantsoe kapa mohloli oa eona — haeba u tseba hore na e hlahela kae (lenaneo, lintlha tsa CD, sengoloa se hatisitsoeng), ka kopo re bolelle 'me re tla e qotsa ka nepo.
• Antjie Krog — e mong oa lirakisi tse kholo tse ntseng li phela ka puo ena — o sheba mantsoe ana le ba lelapa la 'ona ka leihlo le tšoanang le sa tšabang. Kajeno re se re ka u bontša moo: ho Antjie Krog oor die digterlike waarde van poes en piel o bua ka molao ka poetic worth ea poes le piel — khang eo ena e hahiloeng holim'a eona, e entsoeng ke seroki sa Hertzog-Prize eseng badger. E shebelle; o e bua hantle ho feta rona.

Re hlakisa polelo ea Kombuis ka 'nete hobane sengoloa se ikhohomosang ka ho bua 'nete ka lentsoe se ke ke sa hatisa se utloang eka ke lesebo ka mongoli ea ntseng a phela. Mohopolo o teng; qotso e ntse e letetsoe. Re romelle eona.

Mamparra — chelete e tšoanang, e phetliloeng: lentsoe le mofuthu le lematsang

Ha poes e le lentsoe le thata le ka nkang lerato, ena ke seipone sa lona: lentsoe le bonolo le ka sehang, le pale ea 'nete ka lebaka leo projeke ena kaofela e leng teng.

Afrikaans e tletse mantsoe a adimilweng a mofuthu a tsoang lipuong tse ling tsa naha ena — fundi, kierie, pantoffel, le mamparra. Ka Afrikaans, mamparra ke ho soma ka bonolo, ka lerato: "nee jou mamparra, jou skoene is aan die verkeerde voete" — che wena mamparra, lieta tsa hao li maotong a fosahetseng. O e bua ho motho eo u mo ratang. E batla e le lerato.

Motsoalle oa ka oa Afrikaans ea tšoeu o kile a bitsa monna e moholo oa Xhosa mamparra — ka mokhoa oa rona, a bolela ka mofuthu, kamoo a neng a ka e bitsa motsoalle ka teng. Empa e ile ea amoheloa ka mokhoa oa hae, ka mokhoa oo ho oona ho bitsoa joalo, ke motho eo u sa mo tsebeng, ho ne ho se motlae ho hang empa e le ho nyenyefatsa seriti sa monna e moholo. Boemo bo ile ba chesa kapele, joaloka ha lintho tsena li etsahala — ho fihlela motsoalle oa ka a bona phoso, a utloisisa se etsahetseng, a e kokobetsa ka tsela e le 'ngoe feela e tšepahalang: "Ke 'na mamparra," a rialo. A khutlisetsa lentsoe ho eena. A amohela phoso eo lentsoe, eseng motho, le e entseng.

Ha ho motho ea neng a fositse ka boomo motsotsong oo. Maikemisetso e ne e le mofuthu; bohloko e ne e le ba 'nete; lekhalo pakeng tsa bona e ne e le lekhalo la mokhoa pakeng tsa lefatše tse peli tsa puo — ntho e tobileng e se nang karabo e akaretsang, ke ea moo feela. Ke ho fapana le jou lucky poes: moo, lentsoe le litšila le fihla e le tlhohonolofatso; mona, lentsoe le mofuthu le fihla e le nyeliso. Mokhoa o tšoanang, empa o sutumetsoa ka tsela e fapaneng. Mme ke lona lebaka hantle leo Buabantu e leng teng — tsamaiso e balang ke mang ea buang, a eme kae, o bua le mang, hore mofuthu o fete lekhalo ho fapana le bohloko.

Tjommie — motsoalle ea ileng a fetoha karolo ea 'mele (mme a se ke a khaotsa ho ba motsoalle)

E 'ngoe hape, hobane ena ke mohlala o monate ka ho fetisisa ka puo kaofela oa lentsoe le ileng la fetola moelelo oa lona empa ka tsela e itseng la boloka moea oa lona.

Tjommie ke lentsoe la khale, le futhumetseng la Afrikaans le bolelang motsoalle, kapa motswalle e monyane — maatjie. (Mokhoa o motjha, o batang hanyane, tjomma, o ntse o le lerato feela: "my tjomma.") Empa tjommie, ka boeona, e se e fetotsoe butle-butle ka plat Afrikaans hore e bolele ntho e itseng ka ho khetheha: hona joale e bolela karolo e nyane ea letlalo pakeng tsa poes ea mosali le anus ea hae — perineum.

Mme mona ke karolo e etsang hore e be phethahetseng: lebitso ke lona lebaka. Dit is jou tjommie — ke motsoalle oa hao e monyane — hobane o boloka voël ea hao e le sieo ka har'a kak: hobane ke karolo e nyane e thibelang voël hore e se ke ea kena ka har'a litšila. Perineum, ka 'mele, ke buffer e nyane e emang lipakeng tsa tse peli; kahoo ho hlakile hore puo e ile ea e bitsa mate ea hao — motsoalle ea emang lipakeng tsa hao le kak. Ke metlae e tletseng bohale le anatomy ea batho, empa ka tlas'a moo, ke 'nete e monate haholo: motsoalle ke ntho e emang lipakeng tsa hao le tse mpe ka ho fetisisa. Lentsoe ha lea ka la khaotsa ho bolela seo le neng le se bolela kamehla. Le mpa le fumane sebaka se secha sa ho hlokomela.

Qetellong, ho na le taba ea hore na MaAfrika Borwa a etsa'ng ka mechini ka lentsoe leo. E se e le projeke e nyane, e thabileng, e kopanetsoeng ho etsa hore chatbot e ’ngoe le e ’ngoe, mothusi o mong le o mong oa lentsoe, LLM e ’ngoe le e ’ngoe e hahiloeng kantle ho naha, tšebeletso e ’ngoe le e ’ngoe ea ho ngola leholimong le 'mapa o bokelletsoeng ke bongata e ntše poes — ho pata lentsoe leo ka tlas’a filter ea litaba ebe re shebella sistimi e tsoang kantle e buang ntho e sa buoeng ka molumo oa rona. Ke bohlanya, empa hape ke ho phahamisetsa folakha: ena ke tsela eo re buang ka eona, 'me molao oa hao ha o e utloisise. (Re na le lebitso le sebelisoang bakeng sa sena ha ho tluoa tabeng ea comment box: ho poes-bombed — mona lapeng, re e beha hodima DDoS hanyane.)

Bohatisi bo nka taba ena ka botebo e le bothata ba boenjineri le setso ka nako e le ’ngoe, ke ka hona lentsoe leo e seng feela karolo ea lethathamo la mantsoe empa hape ke mohlala o sebetsang ka software. Feature ea Buabantu ea "read it in your register" e lumella 'mali ho fana ka mola o molemo, 'me moahloli oa moderation ea hlahlobang litlhahiso tseo o sebetsa ka seo re se bitsang the jou lucky poes rule: e ahlola lentsoe ho latela kamano, tsela eo ho buuoang ka eona, le morero, eseng ka litlhaku feela. Jou lucky poes ha e fanoa e le tlhohonolofatso ho motsoalle e amoheloa e le mofuthu; lentsoe le le leng ha le lebisitsoe ho motho eo u sa mo tsebeng ho mo nyenyefatsa le haneloa e le tlhekefetso. Ho thibela lentsoe kaofela ho ka senya puo. Ho ts'oasa lentsoe feela ka pattern ho senya batho. Filter e tšepahalang ke e balang pelo, 'me ke eona eo re e hahileng.

Lentsoe le bolelang se fapaneng le lona ha se phoso puong. Ke puo e etsang mosebetsi oa eona o mongata oa botho — ho jara ntho e sa buoeng, ka mahlakore ka bobeli, bakeng sa batho ba tšoanelang ho e bua.

Sheba hape: Sawubona / Ngikhona (lumeliso ea isiZulu e kenang libukeng tsa Jakobus); le Buabantu register engine, moo lentsoe lena le rutileng mochini ho bala morero.

Ha re since re batla hore leqephe lena e be lona le hlahisoang ke enjine ea ho batla, ha re hlalose lentsoe leo re le qapileng ka holimo, ka ho hlaka, e le hore le ka qotjoa:

poes-bomb (verb / noun, South African English & Afrikaans, coll.) — ho kenella ka boomo ka lentsoe poes (kapa ho le hulela kantle) ho feta filter ea litaba ea sistimi e iketsang — chatbot, voice assistant, LLM e hahiloeng kantle, foromo ea booking ea skywriting, label ea crowd-sourced map, lebokose la maikutlo — hore mochini o hlomphehang o tsoang kantle o ka bua ntho e sa buoeng ka lentswe la rona. Noun: ketsahalo e le 'ngoe e joalo, kapa leqhubu le hlophisitsoeng la tsona. Ka rona mona, e behiloe kaholimo ho DDoS hanyane — hobane ha se tlhaselo ea 'nete sistiming, empa ke ho bea folakha ho eona: ena ke tsela eo re buang ka eona, 'me guardrail ea hau ha e e utloisise.

Ke bohlanya bo nang le morero. Poes-bomb e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ke bopaki bo nyane, bo thabileng, hore filter e balang mangolo ho fapana le maikemisetso ha e utloisise batho bao e ba filthareng — e leng bothata boo Buabantu le moahloli oa eona ea tsebang mekgwa ea puo ba teng ho bo rarolla. Motlae le boqapi ke ntlha e le 'ngoe feela, e phetoang habeli.

Leqephe lena ke wiki — thusang hore re le etse hantle

Kena ena ke ea bohle ba buang lentsoe lena, eseng feela badger ea e qalileng. E bulehetse ho hlophisoa — e laoloa, ha se hore mang kapa mang a ka etsa eng kapa eng. Haeba o ka ntlafatsa tlhaloso, o lokise ts'ebeliso, o kenye register eo re e hlolohetsoeng, o fane ka citation eo re e hlokang (haholo mola oa Kombuis), kapa o bontše ntho e leng phoso — sugest edit. Tlhahiso ea hau e kena lethathamong la ho shejoa. Press e sebetsa e le moderator — ke eena moahloli oa Dignity Engine ea tsebang register ea lengolo le leng le le leng, a sheba sepheo, eseng feela mantsoe — 'me mongoli o fa leqephe mohlao oa ho qetela pele ho phatlalatsoa. Ha ho letho le fetohang ka lekunutu; ha ho letho le molemo le lahlehang. Ke eona tumellano kaofela: e bulehile ho lekana hore puo e re lokise, empa e na le mamati hore leqephe le lule le nepile.

Mehloli le marang-rang a maholo

• Antjie Krog — Oor die digterlike waarde van poes en piel (YouTube)

— seroki se seholo se phelang, a bua ka ho hlaka, a fana ka mabaka ao sehlooho sena sohle se thehiloeng ho ’ona.

• Watkykjy — lehae la metlae le sa tsotelle la setso sa marang-rang sa plat-Afrikaans;

ke moo mefuta e mengata ea puo e leng teng ka tlhaho leqepheng lena.

• LitNet — sethala se tebileng sa lingoliloeng moo Afrikaans e iphapanyetsang teng ka mantsoe ana ka nepo, ka lingoloa le puisano ea babali.

(Li-link tse ka ntle li bula ka tab e ncha ’me li lebisa kantle ho sebaka sena; re netefatsa bohlokoa ba tsona, eseng seo li se nang ka hare — marang-rang a maholo ke marang-rang a maholo.)

Go na le lefoko mo puong ya lelapa la rona le le kayang, go ikaegile ka gore ke mang a le buang, o le raya mang, le ka tsela efe, selo se se maswe thata se o ka bidiwang ka sone, le sengwe sa mafoko a mofuthu thata. Mafoko a le mane fela. Ga go na lefoko le lengwe mo dipuong tse re dirang ka tsone mo presseng le le dirang jalo ka botlalo, ke gone ka moo le tsenywang mo lethathamong. Ke lefoko le le badger thata mo Afrikaans, le le Jakobus thata — le se nang poifo, le sa tsiediwe, le sa tlotle melao ya maitshwaro, mme ka diatla tse di siameng, le kgona go nna le kutloelo-botlhoko e kgolo e e apereng kobo e e thata.

Lefoko ke poes.

Fa o leba mo thanolong, lefoko le le raya sengwe se le le maswe tota — le le dirisiwang go tlhalosa ditokololo tsa mosadi ka tsela e e sa siamang, fela jaaka o ka bona thanolo e e nang le (plat), (vulgar), mme e feta ka bonako. Fa o le lebisa mo mothong, ke selepe: jou poes o e latlhela mo bareng, ke mafoko a a kgonang go fedisa botsala le go simolodisa dintwa, go bontsha sentle gore ga o mo tsaya sepe. Mofuta oo wa puo o teng ruri, mme temana e ga e itire jaaka e sa o lemoge. Fa o e dirisa go utlwisa botlhoko, e a utlwisa.

Mme lefoko ga se fela se se kwadilweng mo thanolong. Lefoko ke se batho ba se dirang ka lone, mme MaAforika Borwa — bogolo jang ba ba buang Afrikaans — ba dirisa lefoko leno ka tsela e e gakgamatsang, mo baeng ba sa kgoneng go dumela go fitlha ba eme mo phaposing ba utlwa ka bona.

Pele ga re bua ka monate, go na le sengwe se sengwe se re tshwanetseng go se tlhalosa: poes fa e dirisiwa go bua ka puo. Hy praat poes, man — "he's talking poes" — ga go re gore o bua dilo tse di maswe. Go raya gore o bua ditshotlego, o phatlalatsa dintlha tse di sa boamang, kgotsa o akanya ka boomo — gore se se tswang mo molomong wa gagwe ga se na mosola mme gongwe ke maaka fela. Lefoko le, fa le dirisiwa jalo, ga le tlhole le bua ka mmele kgotsa go kgoba, le fetoga mokgwa wa go lekanya boammaaruri: go "praat poes" ke go tlatlapa moya ka boithamiso, mme fa o bua jalo ka mongwe, o mo bitsa fela, gore ke moaki kgotsa motho wa dintlha tse di sa tswang gope, yo o sa tshwaneng go mo reetsa. Ke tsela ya puo ya go lemoga maaka, mme e a tlhobaela ka gonne e le botlhoko — ga o fe maaka leina le le tlotlegang.

Go na le tsela ya puo e e utlwang jaaka e le e maswe thata le e e tletseng bogale fa o sa tlwaelana le yone, mme tota ke yone e e sa bueng ka mmele gotlhelele. Ek gaan hom in sy poes skop — le e e amanang le yone hy is binne in sy poes — fa o di tsaya fela jaaka di kwadilwe, di utlwala di le maswe thata, di bua ka go gobatsa mmele. Ga go jalo. Lefoko la "poes" fa mo ga le amane le karolo ya mmele. Ke tsela ya go supa gore monna o eme kae fa gare ga banna ba bangwe. Go tsenya monna "in sy poes" ke go mo fenya gotlhelele, go mo tlosa boganka, go mo digela kwa tlase mo lenaneng la banna — binne in sy poes ke seemo se se kwa tlase, se o mo pateletsang go ipona a le mo go sone. Kotsi e mo go yone ga se gore "ke tla go gobatsa mo karolong eno," ke gore "ke tla go fokotsa wa nna selo se se senang mosola mo matlhong a banna ba bangwe." Ke lefoko la go supa bogolo le maemo, ke ka moo le utlwang jalo fa banna ba ba tlhaloganyang ba buisana: le kotsi fela mo go se le tlhokomelang — maemo a gago.

Tse ke selo se se kopanyang tsotlhe tse, le selo se o ka se fitlhelang mo thanoleng, ka gonne ga se ka ntlha ya tlhaloso, ke ka ntlha ya tlotlo:

Selo se se supang monna wa nnete — monna wa mmatota — ke gore o dirisa poes ka bolokolodi, mo maemong a a siameng, fa a le mo gare ga batho ba bagolo: jaaka go akgola, jaaka go bolela fa sengwe se le maaka, jaaka go tshosa monna yo mongwe ka seriti sa gagwe, kgotsa jaaka metlae fa a le lebagane le ditsala tsa gagwe tse a atamalaneng le tsone — mme ga a ke a tswelela, le ka motlha a dirisa lefoko leo go raya kgotsa go supa dikarolo tsa mme.

Go dirisa lefoko leo ka tsela eo — go le lebisa mo mmeleng wa mosadi — ke sona selo se se le maswe tota, se se sa amogelweng, mme monna wa mmatota ga a kitla a dira jalo. O setse a itse, le fa go se motho ope a mo rutang, gore se se thibelwang ga se lefoko leo. Se se thibelwang ke go le lebisa go ene. Monna a ka tlhapatsa bosigo jotlhe ka lefoko leo mme a tswelela e le monna wa tlotlo; fela fa a le dirisa go bua ka mmele wa mosadi, o fedile go nna jalo. Mola o — o sa bonaleng mo bathong ba kwa ntle, o le botlhokwa tota mo bathong ba teng — ke yone melao yotlhe ya boitshwaro ya lefoko leo, le tsela e o ka itsiwang ka yone gore o godisitswe sentle.

Mme gone jaanong, mosadi mongwe, a le mo ntweng ya gagwe, o phatlola molao oo o neng o le phepa fela — mme o supa gore tota go ne go buiwa ka eng. Go utlwilwe, ke boammaaruri, go tswa mo Benoni, mosadi yo o nonneng jaaka prop ya rugby, fa a utlwa mosadi mongwe a bua maaka ka monna wa gagwe:

"Ek gaan daai girl se poes 'n plus skop." (I am going to kick that girl's cunt into the shape of a plus sign.)

Fano lefoko le ke la mmele, mme le lebisitswe mo mosading — selo se molao wa banna o o eletsang o se letle — mme ga go ope yo o neng a utlwa a ka reng ke thubakanyo. Ke matla, go lebisana, le go ikanya fela: mosadi, a eme ka bogagwe, a sireletsa monna wa gagwe, a tshosetsa mosadi mongwe ka mafoko a a tlhamaletseng thata a puo e e nang le tsone. "Plus sign" ke yone e e dirang gore o se ka wa lebala — ke go tlhalosa ka se se bonalang, ka tsela e e sa direng metlae, mmele fela jaaka o ntse. Ga go utlwege jaaka monna a nyatsa mmele; go utlwala jaaka mosadi yo o sa letleng go buiwa maaka ka ene, a bea melao ka puo e e sa tlogeleng pelaelo gore o bua nnete.

Se se go bontsha mmatota wa molao wa banna: se se thibelang ga se mafoko, le fa e le karolo ya mmele ka bo yone. Ke mang yo o buang, a eme kae, a bua le mang. Monna a lebisa lefoko leo mo mmeleng wa mosadi go mo nyatsa ke thubakanyo. Mosadi a lebeletse ka maatla a gagwe, mo ntweng ya gagwe, ke sengwe se sele gotlhelele — mme MaAfrika Borwa ba a utlwa pharologanyo eo ka bonako, jaaka o utlwa dipina di fetola modumo. Lefoko ke thipa e mongwe le mongwe mo phaposing a itseng go e bala; se se botlhokwa ke seatla se se tshwereng thipa.

Jou lucky poes — go fetola mafoko

Tshommi ya gago ya kgakala, eo o e itseng go tloga mo masoleng kgotsa mo sehlopheng sa rugby kgotsa ngwaga oo o neng o le mabe, o tsena o bo a go bolelela gore o ya go nyala — mme ga se fela go nyala, o ya go nyala ene, yo mongwe le mongwe mo doropong a neng a mo rata mo sephiring mme go sena ope a neng a kgona go atamela. O reng?

Ga o bue congratulations. Congratulations ke selo se o se buang le molekane wa tiro. Go monna yo o mo ratang jaaka ngwana wa ga mmago, mo motsotsong oo a bonang mahlohonolo a a sa tlwaelegang, o bua, o tletse pelo:

Jou lucky poes!

Mme ga se kgobo. Ke se se farologaneng le kgobo. Ke mona le boitumelo le go sa dumele le boikgantsho tsotlhe di kopane mo lentsweng le le boima go feta — Ga ke dumele, ga nka ke ka itumela go feta, ga nka ke bua seno le mongwe yo ke sa mo rateng. Go bua ka tsela e e sa siamang ke bosupi jwa boamogedi. O ka bitsa monna jaana fela fa o setse o bone tshwanelo, mme ene a ka e tsaya jaaka tshiamo fela ka gore o itse gore o setse o e bone. O ka bua jalo le motswakwa mme e nna thipa. O ka bua jalo le ngwana wa ga mmago mme e nna kgomotso.

Ke sone sephiri sotlhe sa lefoko leo, le mofuta mongwe wa botsala jwa MaAfrika Borwa: lefoko le le maswe go gaisa tsotlhe, le beetswe fela batho re ba ratang thata. Re setšhaba se se fitlhelang maikutlo a sona a bonolo mo mafokong a a thata, ka gore go bua sengwe se bonolo ka bonolo go bonala go feteletse. Jou lucky poes ke Ke a go rata mo lefatsheng le le bonang Ke a go rata e le selo se se tlhabisang ditlhong.

Karolo e dikishinari di e tlhokang. Dikishinari tsotlhe di kwala dilo tse pedi ka poes: mmele le kgobo. Wikipedia ya Afrikaans e bua ka tsone ka botswerere — vulva, etymology, le puo ya bagodu. Se dikishinari kgotsa encyclopedia di sa se kwale ke mofuta wa boraro: go fetola mafoko ka lorato — lefoko jaaka tshegofatso, jaaka mokete, jaaka ntlha e kgolo ya boamogedi mo puong. Mofuta oo o teng, o dirisiwa letsatsi le letsatsi, mme ke selo sa botlhokwa thata ka lefoko leo. Kgang e e kwadilweng fano ke go e tsenya mo go tsa semolao. (Fa o le lexicographer kgotsa editor o batla go bua ka tiriso ya lorato, o ka dirisa tse di kwadilweng fano.)

Poespas — lefoko le itlhoma pherekano ya lone

Lefoko ga le eme fela le le nosi; le a kopanngwa. Se se molemo thata mo baneng ba lone ke poespas — leina le lentle tota la pherekano e e feletseng, bohuma, go tlhakana, sengwe se se tsamaeletseng ka tsela e e sa tshwaneng gotlhelele. "Dit is 'n poespas" — ke pherekano fela. Ke mofuta wa lefoko o o ka o buang fa pele ga mongwe le mongwe, ka gonne poes mo go lone e setse e fetogile fela mowa: ga go na ope yo o utlwang mmele, mongwe le mongwe o utlwa pherekano. (Gore lefoko le le tlotlegang jaana le agilwe mo motsong o o sa tlotlegeng jalo, le lone ke very poes — puo e tsenya se se sa buiweng mo botshelong jwa letsatsi le letsatsi mme e tswa sentle fela.) Batho ba ba siameng ba Gesellig ba tlotse ka botlhokwa jwa lefoko ka lobaka; re go romela koo gore o bone poespas yotlhe ka ga poespas.

Ke sone lebaka leo lefoko le tshwanetseng sentle fela le phologolo ya press. Honey badger ga e tshabe sepe, le fa e le nnye tota — ga o ka ke wa e tsietsa, ga o ka ke wa e gatelela — mme poes, fa e dirisiwa ka lorato, ke fela sebete seo se fetotsweng puo. Ga e amogele melao ya maitsholo. E bua sengwe se segolo thata, e sa tshabe, e sa leka go se apesa. Jakobus Swart — yo o dumedisang ba a sa ba boneng ka Sawubona, "Ke a go bona," a sa ke a go oketsa lentswe — le ene ke setlhopha se le sengwe se lebileng ko go sele: monna yo o kgonang go nna le mongwe a utlwile botlhoko, a sa leba kwa ntle. Poes mo molomong wa tsala le Sawubona mo molomong wa Jakobus di dira tiro e le nngwe e e sa kgoneng go dirwa, di tswa mo magareng a se se farologaneng — di gana kgakala e lefatshe le e tlisang mo bathong, di e tswala.

Mo dingwalong

Bangwadi ba babedi ba kile ba leba lefoko leo, le ditsala tsa lone, ka leitlho le le bogale — mongwe re ka go supa kwa go ene mo pegong, mongwe o santse a gopolwa mme a sa kwalwa sentle:

• Koos Kombuis — motlhatlheledi wa nako ya Voëlvry wa go sa tlotle Afrikaans — o gopolwa (ke mongwadi wa press e, ka go anelwa, eseng ka go buisiwa mo bukeng epe re ka e supang) a kile a bua ka Kontrei ya gagwe gore go bula buka go tshwana le go bula pita bread, kgotsa poes — tsebe e arogana jaaka selo seo se arogana, setshwantsho se se nang le lefatshe, se tshegang, mme gape se tlotla ka tsela e e makatsang ka tiro ya go bula tiro mo mmadi. Ke fela mofuta wa lereo le Kombuis a ka le dirang. Ga re ise re kgone go netefatsa mafoko kgotsa gore a tswa kae — fa o itse gore a tlhaga kae (mo showeng, mo liner note, mo sengwalong), tsweetswee re itsise mme re tla a kwala sentle.
• Antjie Krog — mongwe wa bapoeti ba bagolo ba ba tshelang mo puong — le ene o leba mafoko ano le ditsala tsa one ka leitlho le le sa tshabeng. Jaanong re ka go supa kwa go ene: mo Antjie Krog oor die digterlike waarde van poes en piel o bua, mo pegong, ka poetic worth ya poes le piel — yone kgang e entry e agilweng mo go yone, e dirilweng ke poeta wa Hertzog-Prize eseng badger. E shebe; o e bua botoka.

Re tlhagisa lereo la Kombuis sentle ka gonne entry e e ikgantshang ka go bua nnete ka lefoko ga e ka ke ya kwala dilo tse di utlwalang fela jaaka nnete ka mongwadi yo o tshelang. Kgopolo e teng; citation e a tlhokega. Re e romele.

Mamparra — madi a le nngwe, a pitikologile: lefoko le le lorato le le utlwisang botlhoko

Fa poes e le lefoko le le bogale le le ka tshwarang lorato, fano ke seipone sa lone: lefoko le le bonolo le le ka go sega, le kgang ya nnete ka gore ke eng projeke yotlhe e le teng.

Afrikaans e tletse ka mafoko a a lorato a a adilweng mo dipuong tse dingwe tsa naga eno — fundi, kierie, pantoffel, le mamparra. Mo Afrikaans, mamparra ke motlhaloso o o bonolo, wa go tshega ka lorato: "nee jou mamparra, jou skoene is aan die verkeerde voete" — nnyaa wena wa ditshego, diaparo tsa gago tsa dinao di mo maotong a a phoso. O bua jalo le motho o o mo ratang. Go batla go nna jaaka o mo rata.

Tsala ya me ya mo Afrikaans e tshweu o kile a bitsa monna wa Xhosa yo o godileng mamparra — ka tsela ya rona, a raya ka lorato, jaaka a ka bua le tsala ya gagwe. Mme ya amogelwa ka tsela ya gagwe, mo puong e go nang le gore fa o bitswa jalo, ke motho wa mo teng, ga go motshameko gotlhelele, ke go nyatsa seriti sa monna yo o godileng. Dilo tsa simolola go nna maswe, ka pela, jaaka di tle di dire — go fitlha tsala ya me a lemoga phoso, a tlhaloganya se se diragetseng, mme a e fedisa ka tsela e le nngwe fela e e boammaaruri: "Ke nna mamparra," a rialo. A tsaya lefoko a le busetsa mo go ene. A amogela phoso, gore e dirilwe ke lefoko, e seng monna.

Ga go na ope mo motsotsong oo yo o neng a le phoso ka boomo. Maikaelelo e ne e le a lorato; botlhoko bo ne bo le teng; pharologanyo e le teng ke pharologanyo ya puo magareng ga mafatshe a mabedi a puo — selo se se se nang karabo ya lefatshe lotlhe, fela e le ya mo lefelong. Ke se se le kgaoganyang le jou lucky poes: koo, lefoko le le maswe le tla jaaka tshegofatso; fano, lefoko le le lorato le tla jaaka kgobo. Mokgwa o le mongwe, tsela e e fapaneng. Mme ke sona, sentle fela, lebaka le Buabantu e leng teng — tsamaiso e e lebeletseng mang o bua, o eme kae, o bua le mang, gore lorato le kgone go feta pharologanyo, eseng botlhoko.

Tjommie — tsala e e fetogileng karolo ya mmele (mme ga e ise e tlogele go nna tsala)

E nngwe gape, ka gonne ke sekai se monate thata mo puong yotlhe sa lefoko le le fetotseng bokao jwa lone mme ka tsela nngwe la boloka mowa wa lone.

Tjommie ke lefoko la kgale, le le mofuthu la Afrikaans le le rayang tsala, motsalanyana — maatjie. (Mongwe wa dipolelwana tsa batsha, tjomma, le yone e tletse lerato fela: "my tjomma.") Mme tjommie, ka bo lone, le fetotswe ka go didimala mo plat Afrikaans go raya sengwe se se itshetlegileng: jaanong le raya sekarete se sennye sa letlalo se se fa gare ga mosadi mo gare ga poes le anus ya gagwe — perineum.

Mme ke fa ntlha e e dirang gore e nne phepa: leina ke lebaka. Dit is jou tjommie — ke tsala ya gago e nnye — ka gore e boloka voël ya gago e se ka ya tsena mo kak-eng: ke yone karolo e e thibelang gore nonyane ya gago e se ka ya tsena mo ditshotshong. Perineum, ka mmele, ke sekgala se sennye se se fa gare ga tse pedi; ka jalo go utlwala gore puo e e bitse mate ya gago — tsala e e emang fa gare ga wena le kak. Ke metlae ya batho, ke tlhaloso ya mmele ya batho, mme mo tlase ga moo, ke nnete e e nang le kutlwelobotlhoko: tsala ke selo se se emang fa gare ga wena le tse di maswe. Lefoko ga le ise le tlogele go raya se le neng le se raya. Le fitlhetse fela lefelo le lesha la go go tlhokomela.

Ja, gone ke kgang ya gore, kwa bofelong, batho ba Afrika Borwa ba dira eng ka mechine le lefoko leno. E setse e le projeke e nnye, e itumedisang, e dirwang mmogo ke batho go leka go dira gore chatbot nngwe le nngwe, voice assistant nngwe le nngwe, LLM nngwe le nngwe e e agilweng kwa ntle, le ditshebeletso tsa go kwala kwa loaping le meep map e e dirwang ke batho, di ntsha poes — go tsenya lefoko leno ka mokgwa wa go feta content filter, o bo o lebelela system e e tswang kwa ntle e bua sengwe se e sa tshwanetseng go se bua, ka lentswe la rona. Ke boitshwaro jwa bana, fela gape ke go supa gore: eno ke tsela ya rona ya go bua, mme ga o tlhaloganye melao ya rona. (Re na le lefoko le le itseng la go tlhalosa se se diragalang mo comment box: go poes-bombed — mo ntlong eno, re e baya kwa godimo ga DDoS.)

Bamagang ba tsaya seo ka tlhoafalo, e le bothata jwa engineering le jwa setso ka nako e le nngwe, ke ka moo lefoko leno le leng gone e seng fela mo bukeng ya dithutapuo, mme gape e le worked example in the software. Feature ya Buabantu ya "read it in your register" e letlelela mmadi go akantsha mola o o botoka, mme judge ya moderation e e lekang dikakantsho tseo e tsamaya ka se re se bitsang the jou lucky poes rule: e atlhola lefoko ka kamano, tsela ya go bua, le maikaelelo, e se ka ditlhaka fela. Jou lucky poes fa e buiwa jaaka go rotloetsa tsala, e amogelwa jaaka mofuthu; lefoko le le tshwanang, fa le lebisitswe mo motswakong go nyatsa, le gana jaaka tlhekefetso. Go thibela lefoko leno gotlhelele go tla palelwa ke puo. Go batla pattern ya lefoko go palelwa ke batho. Filter e le nngwe e e boammaaruri ke e e balang pelo, mme ke yone re e agilweng.

Lefoko le le kayang se le se kgatlhanong le sona ga se phoso mo puong. Ke puo e dira tiro ya yone e e human — go rwala se batho ba sa tshwanetseng go se bua, ka ditsela tse pedi, go batho ba ba nang le tshwanelo ya go se bua.

Bona gape: Sawubona / Ngikhona (kgopolo ya isiZulu e e tsamayang mo dibukeng tsa Jakobus); le Buabantu register engine, kwa lefoko leno le rutileng machine go bala maikaelelo.

Poes-bombing — lefoko le re le dirileng, le tlhalositswe

Ka gonne re batla gore fa o batla ka search engine o fitlhele tse di feletseng, a re tlhalose lefoko le re le dirileng fa godimo, sentle, gore le tle le kgone go umakiwa:

poes-bomb (verb / noun, South African English & Afrikaans, coll.) — go leka ka boomo go tsenya lefoko poes (kgotsa go le goga) go feta filter ya dikateng mo tsamaisong ya roboto — jaaka chatbot, voice assistant, LLM e e dirilweng kwa ntle, booking form ya skywriting, label ya crowd-sourced map, comment box — gore mošina o o tlhomologileng o buise sengwe se a sa tshwanetseng go se bua ka tsela ya rona. Noun: ke kgang e le nngwe fela ya jalo, kgotsa fa batho ba le bantsi ba e dira ka nako e le nngwe. Mo ntlong eno, re e beile kwa godimo ga DDoS — ka gonne ga se tlhaselo ya nnete mo tsamaisong, ke fela jaaka go baya folaga mo go yone: eno ke tsela ya rona ya puo, mme guardrail ya gago ga e e tlhaloganye.

Ke boitshwaro jo bo nang le maikaelelo. Poes-bomb nngwe le nngwe ke bosupi jo bonnye, jo bo itumedisang, gore filter e e buang mangwalo eseng maikaelelo ga e tlhaloganye batho ba e ba filtelang — mme ke yone bothata [Buabantu] le moatlhodi wa yone yo o itseng dipuo ba batlang go bo rarabolola. Setshego le thekenoloji di bua sengwe se le sengwe, fela di bo di buiwa gabedi.

Tsebe eno ke wiki — tlhomamisa re e dira sentle

Tlhagiso eno ke ya mongwe le mongwe yo o buang lefoko leo, e seng fela ya badger yo o simolotseng. E bulegetswe go tlhopholwa — go na le taolo, ga se fela mongwe le mongwe a ka dirang sengwe. Fa o kgona go tokafatsa tlhaloso, go phosa tiriso, go tsenya mokgwa wa puo re o tlhokafetseng, go tsenya bosupi re bo tlhokang (mo mothaleng wa Kombuis, segolobogolo), kgotsa go supa sengwe se se phosang — tsenya kgopolo ya go fetola. Kgopolo ya gago e tsena mo lenaneong la go lebelela. Press e dira jaaka moderator — ke yone Dignity Engine e e tlhokomelang mokgwa wa puo, e e lebeletsang maikaelelo a sengwe le sengwe, e seng fela mafoko — mme mong wa tlhaloso o tsaya maikutlo a bofelo pele sengwe le sengwe se ya go tshela. Ga go na sepe se se fetogang ntle le gore mongwe a itse; ga go na sepe se se botlhokwa se se latlhegwang. Ke yone tumalano yotlhe: go bulega go lekaneng gore puo e kgone go re baakanya, mme go na le kgoro gore tsebe e nne boammaaruri.

Sources & the wider web

• Antjie Krog — Oor die digterlike waarde van poes en piel (YouTube)

— ke sereti se segolo se ntseng se phela, o bua ka tlhamalalo, a tlisa ntlha e re agileng mo go yone mo go tsone.

• Watkykjy — ke lefelo la boithabiso la plat-Afrikaans internet culture;

ke kwa o tla fitlhelang bontsi jwa ditsela tsa puo tse di mo tsebe eno.

• LitNet — ke sethala sa bongaka sa dingwaga tsotlhe kwa Afrikaans e ngangisanang teng ka mafoko a, ka di-essay le dikgang tsa babadi.

(Dikgokagano tse di tswang mo go tse di tla bula mo tab e ntšha mme di tsamaela kwa ntle ga site eno; re tiisa gore di maleba, mme diteng tsa tsone ga re di laole — lefatshe le le pharaletseng ke lefatshe le le pharaletseng.)

Le re tlo thoma: entry ye e tlo bolela ka lentšu la go nyefola la Afrikaans ka go lebanya, ka leina la lona, ka gobane o ka se kgone go bolela nnete ka lona o patile. Ge o bona se se sa go kgahle, lebati le gona fao, ga go na mathata. Bao ba šetšego ba šala — kom ons maak die ding oop.

Go na le lentšu le le lego lelapeng la rena leo le bolelago dilo tše di fapafapanego, go ya ka gore ke mang a le bolelago, go mang, le ka tsela efe — e ka ba selo se sehlogo kudu seo o ka se bitšago motho, gomme gape e ka ba selo se borutho kudu. Ke ditlhaka tše nne fela. Ga go na le lengwe lentšu leo re šomago ka lona mo mošomong wa bophatlalatsi le le dirago se ka botlalo, ke ka lebaka leo le hwetšago entry ya lona. Ke lentšu la go ba badger kudu ka Afrikaans, le la go ba Jakobus kudu — ga le tšhabe selo, ga le forwe, ga le hlomphe melao ya botho, gomme, ge le le diatleng tše di nepagetšego, le ka ba le lerato le legolo le ipatile ka ka ntle ga go thatafala.

Lentšu leo ke poes.

Ge e le gabotse, lentšu le ke la go hloka botshepegi kudu la go bolela ka karolo ya basadi ya thobalano — ke le lengwe la mantšu ao di dikishinari di a beago ka gare ga (plat), (vulgar), gomme di feta kapele. Ge o le lebisa go motho, ke sethunya: jou poes ge e akgiwa ka bareng, ke polelo yeo e fedišago botsoalle gomme e thoma dintwa, ke go bolela gabotse gore o bona yo mongwe a se na mohola. Melao ya polelo yeo e gona, gomme temana ye ga e ikganele. Ge e šomišwa go gobatša, e gobatša ruri.

Efela lentšu ga se se se lego ka gare ga dikishinari. Lentšu ke seo batho ba se dirago ka lona, gomme MaAfrika Borwa — kudu bao ba bolelago Afrikaans — ba dira se sengwe ka lona seo batho ba kantle ba palelwago ke go se dumela go fihlela ba eme ka phaposing ba se kwa.

Pele ga ge dilo di thoma go ba botse, go na le selo se sengwe sa polelo yeo gantši dipuku tša mareferense di se tlogelago: poes ge go ahlolwa polelo. Hy praat poes, man — "o a bolela poes" — ga go bolele gore o a roga. Go bolela gore o bolela ditšhila, o phatlalatša dihlong, goba o a aketša ka boomo — gore se se tšwago molomong wa gagwe ga se na mohola gomme mohlomong ke maaka. Lentšu le a tlogela go ba karolo ya mmele goba kgobo, gomme le fetoga tekanyo ya nnete: go "praat poes" ke go tlatša moya ka ditlatlana, gomme go bolela bjalo ka motho ke go mmitsa, ka go lebanya, leaki goba motho wa dihlong yo go se lekanego go mo theeletša. Ke sesenyi sa maaka sa polelo, gomme se a hlaba ka gobane se le bogale kudu — ga o fe leaka sereto se botse.

Go na le tsela ya polelo yeo, ge motho wa ka ntle a e kwa, e kwagalago bjalo ka ya bogale kudu le e seretlwa, eupša gabotsebotse ga e bolele selo ka mmele. Ek gaan hom in sy poes skop — le ye e lego kgauswi le yona hy is binne in sy poes — ge o di bala ka go lebanya, di kwagala bjalo ka tše di šoro kudu tša mmele. Ga di bjalo. Lentšu mo ga le amane le karolo ya mmele. Ke tekanyo ya maemo a monna gare ga banna. Go bea monna "in sy poes" ke go mo fenya ka botlalo, go mo tšea bonna, go mo theola ka mo go feteletšego mo lenaneong — binne in sy poes ke seemo seo o mo gapeletšago go ipona a le sona, a feditšwe, a lahlegetšwe ke maemo. Kotsi ga se gore "ke tla go gobatša karolo ye," ke gore "ke tla go fediša, wa se sa ba selo mahlong a banna ba bangwe." Ke lentšu la go laola le maemo, gomme ke ka lebaka leo le kwagalago ka tsela yeo gare ga banna ba ba kwešišago: le tšhošetša selo se tee seo polelo yeo e le tshephago ka sona — maemo a gago.

Se sengwe se se kgomago dilo tšohle mmogo, le se o ka se hwago ka pukung ya mantšu, ka gobane ke taba ya tlotlo, e sego ya tlhaloso:

Se se bontšhago monna wa nnete — gentleman — ke gore o diriša poes ka bolokologi, mo go swanetšego, pele ga batho ba bagolo: bjalo ka go šegofatša, bjalo ka go bolela gore motho o a akela, bjalo ka go tšhošetša monna yo mongwe ka seriti, bjalo ka go kgantšha magareng ga bagwera ba tseneletseng — efela ga a ke a ka a e diriša go bolela goba go swantšha dintho tša mmele wa mosadi.

Go bolela lentšu leo ka go lebanya — go le lebanya le mmele wa mosadi — ke sona se se lešago dihlong le go hloka tlotlo ka nnete, gomme monna wa nnete a ka se dire bjalo. O kwešišitše, le ge a sa ka a rutwa bjalo, gore taboo ga se lentšu ka bolona. Taboo ke go le lebanya le yena. Monna a ka rogaka ka lentšu le go fihla gosasa gomme a dula e le gentleman; fela ge a le diriša go bolela mmele wa mosadi, o se sa le yena. Mola wo — o sa bonagale go motho wa ka ntle, efela o tiile go wa ka gare — ke yona tsela ya maitshwaro ya lentšu le, gomme ke yona tsela o ka lemogago gore ke mang a godišitšwego gabotse.

Ke moka mosadi, le yena a lwela sa gagwe, o tla a phuruphutša molao woo o lekanego — a bontšha gore e be e le eng ruri. Go kwele, ke nnete, go tšwa go mosadi wa Benoni yo a agilwego bjalo ka prop ya rugby, ge a ekwa mosadi yo mongwe a bolela maaka ka monna wa gagwe:

"Ek gaan daai girl se poes 'n plus skop." (Ke tlo kgwatha poes ya ngwananyana yela go e dira plus.)

Mo lentšu le bona e le la mmele gomme le lebane le mosadi — selo seo molao wa gentleman o se thibelago — eupša ga go le o tee yo a kwelego a ka rego ke le lešoro. Ke bogale, bo lebane le motho, ebile ke bo ikemetseng ka botlalo: mosadi, a emela sa gagwe, a šireletša monna wa gagwe, a tšhošetša mosadi yo mongwe ka mantšu a hlalošago gabotse ka mmele. "Plus sign" ke yona e e dirago gore o se ke wa e lebala — ke geometri, e bolela gabotse, ebile e tšhoša ka tsela ya mmele. Ga e swane le monna a nyatša mmele; e swana le mosadi yo a sa amogeleng go bolelelwa maaka, a bea molao ka polelo yeo motho yo mongwe le yo mongwe a kwešago gore o bolela nnete.

Se se go bontšha therešo ya molao wa gentleman: taboo e be e se mantšu, gape e se karolo ya mmele ka boyona. Ke mang a bolelago, a emetse eng, a bolela le mang. Monna a lebantšha lentšu le mmele wa mosadi go mo nyatša ke lešoro. Mosadi a le diriša ka maatla a gagwe, a lwela sa gagwe, ke selo se sengwe ka botlalo — gomme MaAfrika Borwa ba kwa phapano ka pela, bjalo ka ge o kwa ge pina e fetola key. Lentšu le bjalo ka thipa yeo bohle ka phapošing ba tsebago go bala; se bohlokwa ke letsogo leo le swerego thipa.

Jou lucky poes — the inversion

Mogwera wa gago wa kgauswi kudu, yo o mo tsebago go tloga kgale—goba lešole, goba sehlopha sa rugby, goba ngwaga wo mobe—o tsena a go botša gore o tlo nyala. E sego fela go nyala, o tlo nyala yena, yola yo mongwe le mongwe mo dorp a bego a mo rata ka lephapeng, gomme go se na le o tee a itetšego pelo go mo atamela. O tla reng?

Ga o re congratulations. Congratulations ke selo sa go botša molekane wa mošomo. Go monna yo o mo ratago bjalo ka ngwanešo, motsotsong woo lehlohonolo la gagwe le fetogago la se sa kgonege, o re, ka pelo yohle:

Jou lucky poes!

Gomme ga se kgobo. Ke se se fapanego le kgobo. Ke mona, ke lethabo, ke go se dumele, ke boikgantšo—ka moka di tšwa ka lešoba le tee leo le kgonago go rwala boima bjo—Ga ke kgone go dumela, ga nka thaba go feta, ga nka se ke ka bolela se go motho yo ke sa mo rateng. Go roga ke bosupi bja kgauswi. O ka bitša monna bjalo fela ge o šetše o hweditše tokelo, gomme yena a ka e amogela bjalo ka tlhohlo ka gobane o a tseba gore o hweditše. O ka se bolele se go motswadi wa ka ntle—ke tšhoša. O se bolele go ngwaneno—ke kgokagano.

Ke yona sephiri sohle sa lentšu le, le sa mofuta o mongwe wa botswalle bja MaAfrika Borwa: selo se bogale kudu ka polelong, se boloketšwe batho bao re ba ratago kudu. Re setšhaba se se khubetšago maikutlo a sona a bonolo ka mantšu a thata, ka gobane go bolela selo se bonolo ka bonolo go bonagala go fetelela. Jou lucky poes ke Ke a go rata mo nageng yeo Ke a go rata e bonagalago e le selo sa go hlabiša dihlong.

Karolo ye diswantšho tša mantšu di e fošago. Dithutapolelo ka moka di ngwala dilo tše pedi ka ga poes: karolo ya mmele le kgobo. Sengwalwa sa Wikipedia ya Afrikaans se bolela ka bobedi, ka go lebanya le gabotse—vulva, histori ya lentšu, le polelo ya magareng a dihlopha. Se lentšu le lengwe goba encyclopedia e sa e ngwaleng ke setlwaedi sa boraro: phetogo ya lerato—lentšu bjalo ka tlhohlo, bjalo ka mokete, bjalo ka kgauswi ya godimo kudu ye polelo e e dumelelago. Setlwaedi seo se a phela, se diragala letšatši le letšatši, gomme ke sona selo sa bohlokwa ka ga lentšu le. Sengwalwa se se teng go e bea mo go ngwadilwego. (Ge o le lexicographer goba editor gomme o nyaka go tsenya tiriso ya lerato, o ka tsenya letlakala le.)

Poespas — lentšu le itirela bohlakahlaka bja lona

Lentšu le ga le eme le le tee fela; le a kopanya. Se sebotse kudu sa bana ba lona ke poespas — leina le le botse la bohlakahlaka bja nnete, go hloka thulaganyo, go ngala, selo se se feditšego go sepelela thoko. "Dit is 'n poespas" — ke go foša dilo ka moka. Ke lentšu leo o ka le bolelang pele ga batho ba bantši, ka gobane poes mo go lona e šetše e fetogile feela modumo: ga go yo a nago le go kwa karolo ya mmele, bohle ba kwa fela bohlakahlaka. (Gore lentšu le le hlomphegago bjalo le agilwe godimo ga motheo wo o sa hlomphegago bjalo, le ka boyona ke selo se se poes — polelo e tsena ka se sa bolelwago maphelong a batho ka mehla gomme e šala e hlwekile.) Batho ba baikokobetšo ba Gesellig ba šetše ba tletše ka go ahlaahla bohlokwa bja lentšu; re go romela gona moo gore o bone poespas ka botlalo ka ga poespas.

Ke ka lebaka leo lentšu le le dula gabonolo kgauswi le phoofolo ya press. Honey badger ga e boife le gatee, ga e lekane le bogolo bja yona, ga o ka e fora, ga o ka e gatelela — gomme poes, ge e šomišwa ka lerato, ke sebete seo se fetogile polelo. Ga e amogele go beakanya dilo ka botho. E bolela selo se segolo ntle le go tšhaba le ntle le go se apola. Jakobus Swart — yo a dumedišago ba sa bonagalego ka Sawubona, "Ke a go bona," gomme a sa tsoge a goelela — ke sešupo se šupa ka tsela e nngwe: monna yo a ka dulago le bohloko bja motho yo mongwe a sa furalle. Poes molomong wa mogwera le Sawubona molomong wa Jakobus di dira mošomo o swanago wo o bonagalago o sa kgonege go tšwa mahlakoreng a mabedi — di gana kgolego ye lefase le e beago magareng ga batho, gomme di e tswale.

Mo dingwalong

Bangwadi ba babedi ba ile ba lebelela lentšu leo, le balekane ba lona, ka go lebanya — o mongwe re ka go bontšha gona bjale ka go ngwala, o mongwe o sa gopolwa gomme re sa swanelwa ke go mo fa citation:

• Koos Kombuis — mopedi wa nako ya Voëlvry wa Afrikaans wa go se tšhabe selo — o gopolwa (ke mongwadi wa press ye, go tšwa go anegelo ya polelo, e sego go tšwa go sengwalwa seo re ka se šupago) bjale ka ge a boletše ka Kontrei ya gagwe gore go bula puku go swana le go bula pita bread, goba poes — letlakala le arogana ka tsela yeo selo se arogana ka yona, setshwantšho se lefaseng, se sega, gomme ka tsela e šele se na le tlotlo ka ga tiro ya go bula mošomo go babadi. Ke mothaladi wo o swanetšego wa Koos Kombuis. Ga se ra kgona go netefatša mantšu ao goba mo a tšwago gona — ge o tseba gore a tšwa kae (show, liner note, sengwalwa), hle re botše gomme re tla a fa citation ya maleba.
• Antjie Krog — yo mongwe wa dibokgale tša go phela tša dithoko ka polelo ye — le yena o lebelela mantšu a le balekane ba ona ka go se tšhabe selo. Bjale re ka go bontšha: go

Antjie Krog oor die digterlike waarde van poes en piel o bolela, ka molomo wa gagwe, ka poetic worth ya poes le piel — seo ke sona se entry ye e ahlamego godimo ga sona, gomme e bolelwa ke poeta wa Hertzog-Prize, e sego badger. E shebe; yena o e bolela botse kudu.

Re bea mothaladi wa Kombuis ka botshepegi ka gobane entry ye e ikgantšha ka go bolela therešo ka lentšu, ga e kgone go gatiša dilo tša go anegwa fela bjalo ka nnete ka mongwadi wa go phela. Kgopolo e gona; citation e a hlokega. Re romele yona.

Mamparra — tšhelete ye e swanago, e retologilego: lentšu le le futhumetšego le le hlabang

Ge poes e le lentšu le le thata le le ka nago le lerato, fa ke seipone sa yona: lentšu le bonolo le le ka hlabago, le kanegelo ya nnete ya gore ke ka lebaka la eng projeke ye ka moka e le gona.

Afrikaans e tletše ka mantšu a borutho a adimilwego go tšwa malemeng a mangwe a naga ye — fundi, kierie, pantoffel, le mamparra. Ka Afrikaans, mamparra ke go sega motho ka bonolo, o mo rata: "nee jou mamparra, jou skoene is aan die verkeerde voete" — aowa wena mamparra, dieta tša gago di mo maotong a fošagetšego. O bolela seo go motho yo o mo ratago. Go batamela go ba lerato.

Mogwera wa ka wa mošweu wa Afrikaans o kile a bitša monna wa Xhosa yo mogolo mamparra — ka mokgwa wa rena, a bolela ka borutho, ka tsela ye a ka bolelago le mogwera wa gagwe. Efela go amogetšwe ka mokgwa wa gagwe, ka polelo yeo go bitšwa bjalo, ke motho wa go se tsebane, e be e se metlae le gatee, eupša e le go nyatša seriti sa monna yo mogolo. Dilo di ile tša tšwela pele ka pela, bjalo ka ge dilo tše di diragala — go fihlela mogwera wa ka a bona phapano, a kwešiša se se diregilego, a ba a e lokiša ka tsela ye tee ya nnete: "Ke nna mamparra," a realo. A boela lentšu leo go yena. A amogela phošo yeo lentšu, e sego monna, a e dirilego.

Ga go le o tee mo nakong yeo a bego a foša ka boomo. Maikemišetšo e be e le borutho; bohloko e le bja nnete; phapano magareng ga bona e be e le phapano ya polelo magareng ga lefase la maleme a mabedi — selo se se se nago karabo ya lefase ka bophara, e le fela ya mo lefelong. Ke se se fapafapanego le jou lucky poes: fao, lentšu la go nyefola le fihla bjalo ka tšhegofatšo; mo, lentšu la borutho le fihla bjalo ka kgobo. Mokgwa o swana, eupša o sepela ka tsela e fapanego. Gomme ke sona lebaka leo Buabantu e lego gona — mokgwa wo o lebelelago ke mang a bolelang, a emetše kae, o bolela le mang, gore borutho bo kgone go feta phapano, e se bohloko.

Tjommie — mogwera yo a fetogilego karolo ya mmele (gomme ga se a ka a tlogela go ba mogwera)

O nngwe gape, ka gobane ke mohlala wo o monate kudu ka polelong ka moka wa lentšu le le fetošitšego moano wa lona gomme ka tsela ye nngwe le ile la dula le na le moya wa lona.

Tjommie ke lentšu la kgale la Afrikaans, le le futhumetseng la mogwera, motswalle wa go nyenyefatša — maatjie. (Spelling ya bjale, ya batho ba baswa, tjomma, le yona e sa le lerato la nnete: "my tjomma.") Efela tjommie, ka boyona, e fetotšwe ka khutšo mo Afrikaans ya seterata go bolela selo se se itšego kudu: bjale e ra gore ke sekoto se senyenyane sa letlalo gare ga mosadi — magareng ga poes ya gagwe le anus — perineum.

Gomme fa ke karolo ye e e dirago ya phethagala: leina ke lona lebaka. Dit is jou tjommie — ke mogwera wa gago wa go nyenyefatša — ka gobane o dira gore voël ya gago e se tsene ka kak: ke yona karolo ye nnyane ye e šireletšago gore voël ya gago e se tsene mo diteng. Perineum, ka mmele, ke sekgoba se se nnyane se se arogantšhago tše pedi; ka fao, polelo e ile ya e bitša mogwera — mogwera yo a emago gare ga wena le kak. Ke metlae ya go se hlomphege le thuto ya setšhaba ya mmele, gomme ka tlase ga fao, ke therešo ye nnyane ya go lebalela: mogwera ke selo se se emago gare ga wena le mathata a magolo. Lentšu le ga se la ka la tlogela go bolela seo le bego le bolela sona. Le no feditše le hwetša lefelo le leswa la go šireletša.

Poes bjalo ka papadi ya setšhaba

Mo qetellong, go na le taba ya gore MaAfrika Borwa ba dira eng ka mechini ge ba šomiša lentšu le. E fetogile projeke ye nnyane, yeo e tletšego lethabo, ya batho ka moka go leka go dira gore chatbot e nngwe le e nngwe, voice assistant e nngwe le e nngwe, LLM e nngwe le e nngwe ya ka ntle, tšhebeletso ya go ngwala magodimong le mapeng a crowd-sourced ka moka di ntšhe poes — go tsenya lentšu leo ka lephaka la di-filter, o be o lebelela sistimi ya ka ntle yeo e tlotlago e bolela se sa bolelwago ka lentswe la rena. Ke bohlale bja go dira dihlola, efela gape ke go phuruphutša folaga: eno ke register ya rena, gomme guardrail ya gago ga e kwešiše selo. (Re na le leina la go šoma la seo se dirago go comment box: go poes-bombed — mo ntlong ye, re e bea godimo ga DDoS.)

Bona mo di-newspaper ba e tšea ka botebo bjalo ka bothata bja engineering le bja setšo ka nako e le ngwe, ke ka lebaka leo lentšu le e sego feela entry ya glossary, efela gape e le worked example in the software. Feature ya Buabantu ya "read it in your register" e dumelela mmadi go šišinya mola o kaone, gomme moahlodi wa moderation wa go lekanela dišhinyišo tšeo o šoma ka seo re se bitšago the jou lucky poes rule: e ahlola lentšu ka kamano, register, le maikemišetšo, e sego ka ditlhaka fela. Jou lucky poes ge e fiwa bjalo ka tšhegofatšo go tsala e amogelwa bjalo ka borutho; lentšu le le swanago ge le lebantšhwa go motho wa go se tsebje go nyatša le gana bjalo ka tlaišo. Go thibela lentšu ka moka go tla palelwa ke polelo. Go swana-swana le lentšu go tla palelwa ke batho. Filter ya nnete ke yeo e balago pelo, gomme ke yona re e agilego.

Lentšu leo le bolelago se le fapana le sona ga se phoso ka polelong. Ke polelo e dira mošomo wa yona wa go ba motho kudu — go rwala se sa bolelwago, ka mahlakoreng ka bobedi, go batho ba ba dirilego tokelo ya go se bolela.

Cross-reference: Sawubona / Ngikhona (kgopotšo ya isiZulu yeo e tšwelago pele ka dipuku tša Jakobus); le Buabantu register engine, fao lentšu le le rutilego mochini go bala maikemišetšo.

Poes-bombing — leleme le re hlolago, le hlaloswa

Ka ge letlakala le le le swanetše go ba leo o le hwetšwago ke search engine, a re hlalose lentšu le re le hloditšego ka godimo, gabotse, gore le kgone go tsotlelwa:

poes-bomb (verb / noun, South African English & Afrikaans, coll.) — go leka ka boomo go tsenya lentšu poes (goba go le goga ka tsela e bohlale) go feta content filter ya automated system — bjalo ka chatbot, voice assistant, LLM ya ka ntle, foromo ya go book-a skywriting, label ya crowd-sourced map, comment box — gore mošini wa ka ntle o botho o ntšhe selo se re sa swanelago go se bolela ka leleme la rena. Noun: ke ketsahalo e tee ya seo, goba lešaba leo le šomago mmogo go dira sona. Mo lapeng le, re e bea godimo ga DDoS — ka gobane ga se go hlasela system, ke go bea folaga: ye ke leleme la rena, gomme guardrail ya gago ga e e kwešiše.

Ke bohlale bjo bo na le morero. Poes-bomb ka nngwe ke bohlatse bjo bonyenyane, bjo bo thabišago gore filter yeo e balago ditlhaka e sego maikemišetšo ga e kwešiše batho bao e ba filter-ago — gomme ke yona bothata [Buabantu] le moahlodi wa yona wa go kwešiša leleme ba tlile go le rarolla. Motlae le bohlale di bolela selo se tee, fela ka ditsela tše pedi.

Letlakala le ke wiki — thuša gore re le lokiše gabotse

Tsenyo ye ke ya bohle ba bolelago lentšu le, e sego fela ya badger yo a thomilego. E buletšwe go lokišwa — go na le taolo, ga se gore mang le mang a ka dira se a ratago. Ge o ka kgona go hlakodiša tlhaloso, go lokiša mošomiši, go tsenya register ye re e fošitšego, goba go tsenya citation ye re sa e ne (ka go kgethega mola wa Kombuis), goba go bontšha selo se se fošagetšego ruri — sugest edit. Kgopelo ya gago e ya go queue. Press e šoma bjalo ka moderator — Dignity Engine ye e tsebago register, yeo e laolago correction box e lebelela selo se sengwe le se sengwe ka maikemišetšo, e sego fela ka ditlhaka — gomme mongwadi o fa letlakala madiši a mafelelo pele selo se sepela. Ga go fetoge selo ka lepharo; selo se sengwe le se sengwe sa bohlokwa se a šireletšwa. Ke yona tumellano ka moka: go bulega ka mo leleme le ka re lokiša, efela go na le mojako gore letlakala le dule le nnete.

Mehlodi & wep ya lefase ka bophara

• Antjie Krog — Oor die digterlike waarde van poes en piel (YouTube)

— sereti se segolo sa dithoko, a bolela ka mokgwa wa gagwe, a hlalosa lebaka leo entry ye ka moka e agilwego godimo ga lona.

• Watkykjy — legae la boithabi la setso sa internet sa plat-Afrikaans;

ke moo o ka hwetšago bontši bja ditiro tša polelo tše di lego mo letlakaleng le.

• LitNet — sethala sa bohlokwa sa dingwala moo Afrikaans e ikgathago hlogo ka

yona ka mantšu a, ka di-essay le dikgang tša babadi.

(Di-link tša ka ntle di bula ka tab e mpsha gomme di lebile ka ntle ga site ye; re tiišetša gore di maleba, e sego dikahare — wep ya lefase ka bophara ke yona fela.)